History USA 1919 - 1929 Flashcards
3 Push Factors
Religion
Government changes
Overpopulation
3 Pull Factors
Rising economy
Jobs
‘Land of the free’
Why were there restrictions for Immigration in the USA
Immigrants were taking jobs. Bringing disease, bringing drunkenness, etc.
People feared Anarchism and Communism.
Sacco and Vanzetti
Sacco and Vanzetti were Italian anarchists that were convicted of killing and robbing people.
Palmer Raids
They had nothing to do with ‘potential communists. He deported lots of Russian/Irish/Italian immigrants.
Red Scare
A time when Americans feared a communist takeover because of the 1917 Russian Revolution.
3 Immigration Laws
Emergency Quota Act
National Quota Act
Literacy Test
Xenophobia
Fear of people different to you
Anarchists
People who don’t want a government
Open Door Policy
Anyone can immigrate to the USA
Melting Pot
A mixture of people from different countries
Segregation
Division of people based on ethnicity, skin colour or religion
Jim Crow Laws
White and African American children cannot mix and were separated
Deep South
Deep South states such as Texas and Florida
Bible Belt
Deep South states such as Texas and Florida
Religious Fundamentalist
People who believe that the bible is 100% true
Evolution vs Creation
The debate about whether God made everything or whether evolution happened
Assimilation
Making people who aren’t from one country into a different one (Example) Native Americans into (Normal) Americans
Scopes Monkey Trial
John Scopes was a teacher in the Deep South of the USA
He taught evolution to his classes
Teaching evolution was banned because a lot of people were Religious Fundamentalists
John Scopes was unfairly trialled and banned from teaching
He taught evolution deliberately to defy the law as he saw it as stupid
Native American Treatment
Forced to learn ‘The American Way’
Forced to wear ‘American’ clothes
Forcefully taken from their parents to become ‘Americanised’
UNIA
A group that made deals with the KKK to emigrate African Americans back to their ‘Homeland’ (Africa)
NAACP
The National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People is an organisation that believed in equality for everyone. They believed in peaceful protests to get what they wanted
The Great Migration
People came from the South parts of the USA to the North part where there were less members of the KKK and less racism
KKK
The KKK terrorised, killed and tortured African Americans
Prohibition
(The 19th Amendment) when the production, selling and consumption of alcohol was banned
Speakeasy
Illegal bars that sold alcohol illegally
Anti-Saloon League
A group who wanted prohibition
Volstead Act
The agreement that brought in prohibition (19th amendment)
Temperance
A religious movement that wanted prohibition
Who was Warren Harding
The US President in 1921
Who were the ‘Ohio Gang’
A group of politicians who betrayed the public
Where was Teapot Dome
Wyoming
What was special about Teapot Dome
It was oil that was reserved for the Army
What was the Teapot Dome Scandle
Albert Fall sold the oil reserves to oil companies (Pan American Petroleum) and Albert Fall took bribes to stay quiet about it then Mammoth Oil wanted to have that oil and in 1922 they spoke out against it causing the teapot dome scandal
Who repealed (Removed) prohibition
Herbert Hoover in 1929
Prohibition consequences
Drunkenness
Less work done
Families had less money
People drank more
Why was prohibition introduced
Drunkenness
Late to work
Men’s families were losing out on money
People stopped working
Turning point of organised crime
People realised that they couldn’t stop people from drinking alcohol meaning the illegal distiallation of alcohol became less profitable
Who was ‘The King of Chicago’
Al Capone
How did WW1 help with the Economic Boom?
Europe needed food
Tanks needed Oil
Europe need iron for tanks and infrastructure
What resources did the USA have in the 20’s
Oil
Iron
Grain
Timber
How did the abundance resources help the USA’s Economy
Selling these resources gave them money
New items in the 20’s
Washing Machines
Refrigerators
Ford (Cars)
How did the new industries help the USA
Natural Resources were sold, Credit, Employability
How did credit help the USA’s Economy
Buy now pay later meaning people could buy more stuff
How does the American ‘State of Mind’ link with economic growth
The government didn’t care how companies were run so they let people do what they want (Laissez faire)
Economic Boom
The ‘Golden Age’ when everything is good
Prosperity
When things are good and go well
Rugged individualism
Self Resilient and doesn’t require outside input
Isolationism
When you cut yourself off from the world
What is mass production
Lots of things are being made quickly
Who mainly worked in the 20’s
Working class
How does mass production and the assembly line contribute to the economic boom
People were earning more ‘disposable income’
What does Laissez-Faire mean
Hands off
What does Tariff mean
Tax on foreign products
How do Tariffs and Laissez-Faire help the USA’s economy
People brought American products
How did the Wall Street Crash cause a chain of events
Wall Street Crash - Panic Selling- Economic Crash - Unemployment - Banks go bust - Banks that people had loans with took houses and land - Homelessness - The Great Depression
What was the fall in consumer demand?
People didn’t need more than one car or fridge so people didn’t buy produce meaning companies were selling less and still making more.
Why did land and property value increase?
Land and property value increased as things decreased
What was overproduction
When companies make too much of something
What things were being overproduced
Car’s, Radio’s, Fridge’s, Washing Machine’s
What is overspeculation
When companies are valued more than they really were worth
Why did overspeculation lead to the economic crash
People brought stocks and when people realised that they were losing money they panic sold leading to a crash
Stock market
Stock exchange
Buying on the margin
When you take loans from a bank and buy stock hoping to make a profit
Boom and Bust
When things go from good to bad
Depression
A time of poverty and lack of moral
Speakeasy culture
Drinking became a popular thing after ‘breaking the law’ was seen as a cool thing and also because it was impossible to stop people from drinking in the 20’s
A new dance in the 1920’s
Charlston
Entertainment
Live goldfish swallowing, Flagpole sitting
Famous music club
Cotton Club
Famous Musicians
Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington
What was the post popular type of music
Jazz
What did the radio allow in the USA
It allowed music to be broadcasted around the USA
Who opposed the changes
Taditional People
Two popular films
Rise of a Nation
The Son of the Sheik
Movie stars
Rudolph Valentino
Clara Bow
Charlie Chaplin
Why were films significant
Entertainment
Popular sport
Baseball
Boxing
Cricket
Sport stars
Babe Ruth, Jack Dempsey, Red Grange
Culture
Something associated with a country (e.g. Tea in the UK)
Talkies
Films with sound
Gramophone
A technology that allowed ‘records’ to be played
Flapper
Middle/Upper Class women who ‘defied’ the ‘usual’ role of women
Feminism
Advocacy of Women’s Rights
Modernity
Being modern
Tradition
How things are ‘normally’
How did WW1 change the role of women
As all the men went to War women were left to do ‘men’s’ jobs
Why did feminism come around
Because of the rise in ‘defiance’ of tradition women started advocating their rights
What did jazz mean for womn
Dancing
Aspects of the Flapper lifestyle
Driving, Smoke, Jazz, Drinking, ‘Petting Parties’, Makeup
What was female fashion in the 1920’s
Women started wearing less clothing
How did consumer goods change the life of women
Cleaning, Cooking and Entertainment was made easier
Who opposed the new flapper lifestyle and why
People who lived traditional lives and Fundamentalists as they saw it as sinful
Three things for the new flapper style
Feminism
Flappers
Women gaining rights
Three things against the new flapper style
Some people stayed traditional
Some women weren’t effected by the change
Some people fought against the change
Key Question 1
Why did Immigration become such a Major issue
Key Question 2
What was living as an immigrant in the USA like
Key Question 3
Was the 1920’s a decade of crime and courruption
Key Question 4
What were the causes of the economic boom experienced in the 1920’s
Key Question 5
What factors lead to the end of prosperity in 1929
Key Question 6
How did popular entertainment develop during the 1920’s
Key Question 7
How did the lifestyle and status of women change during this period
