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respiratory physio > inhalation agents, MAC > Flashcards

inhalation agents, MAC Flashcards

1
Q

MAC is ___ related to potency

A

inversely

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2
Q

MAC amnesia = __% MAC

A

25

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3
Q

MAC awake = __ %MAC

A

50

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4
Q

MAC intubation = ___% MAC

A

130

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5
Q

MAC BAR = ___% MAC

A

150

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6
Q

what age has the greatest MAC requirement

A

term infant to 6mo

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7
Q

chronic ETOH ___ MAC

A

increases

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8
Q

which electrolyte increases MAC

A

na - hypernatremia

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9
Q

hyper or hypothermia increases MAC?

A

hyper

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10
Q

drugs that increase CNS catecholamines ___ MAC

A

increase

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11
Q

for every 1 degree drop in C in body temp, MAC decreases by ___%

A

2-5%

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12
Q

pregnancy __ MAC

A

decreases

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13
Q

PAo2

A

38

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14
Q

which electrolyte has no effect on MAC

A

k

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15
Q

4 factors that have no effect

A

thyroid gland dysfunction, duration, gender, CO2 (hypo/hypercarbia)

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16
Q

uptake from alveolar space depends on

A

solubility, cardiac output, and alveolar/venous partial pressure difference

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17
Q

the most important single factor in determining speed of induction and the rate of emergence

A

solubility

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18
Q

the lower the blood:gas coefficient the __ solubility

A

lower

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19
Q

the more soluble an agent, the ___ it will be taken up into the pulmonary capillaries and into body tissues

A

more

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20
Q

blood:gas des

A

.42

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21
Q

blood:gas n20

A

.47

22
Q

blood:gas sevo

A

.68

23
Q

blood:gas iso

A

1.4

24
Q

a poorly soluble agent has a ___ inhalation and emergence

A

faster

25
Q

high cardiac output, ___ rate of rise and induction

A

slow

26
Q

low cardiac output, ___ induction

A

fast

27
Q

a large alveolar/venous partial pressure difference with an agent ___ uptake and ___ inhalation

A

enhances, speeds

28
Q

second gas effect

A

the ability of a large volume of uptake of a first gas (N2O) to accelerate the rate of rise of the alveolar partial pressure of a concurrently administered companion gas (agent) thus speeding induction

29
Q

diffusion hypoxia

A

results from the dilution of alveolar 02 concentration by a large amount of N20 “outgasing” or leaving the pulmonary capillary blood at the conclusion of n2o administration

30
Q

inhalation agents __ HPV

A

inhibit

31
Q

inhalation agents ___ non depolarizing NMB’s

A

potentiate

32
Q

N20 ___ PONV

A

increases

33
Q

avoid N20 use in

A

closed gas spaces: PTX, complete bowel obstruction, inner ear, pneumocephalus, air embolism, intraocular bubbles

34
Q

n20 affect on PVR

A

increases PVR in patients with pre-exisiting pulm htn.

35
Q

n20 and fire

A

nonflammable but an O2 source and supports combustion

36
Q

N20 inhibits ___ synthesis

A

methionine. caution in use in pregnancy

37
Q

long term use of n20 leads to

A

peripheral neuropathy and megaloblastic anemia

38
Q

halothane causes a dose dependent decrease in

A

contractility

39
Q

halo has ___ preservative

A

thymol.

40
Q

pretreat children with ___ for vagal stimulation associated with halo

A

atropine

41
Q

which gas sensitizes the heart to catecholamines, dyrhythmogenic, use epi with caution

A

halo

42
Q

which gases have a pungent odor

A

iso/des

43
Q

which gases cause increase in HR esp when rapidly increasing dose

A

iso/des

44
Q

coronary steal syndrome

A

iso… normal coronaries dilate and stenotic ones dont so blood is shunted away from diseased vessels

45
Q

which gas is good for inhalation induction

A

sevo

46
Q

which gas forms compound A

A

sevo

47
Q

with sevo keep flows at at least

A

2L/min

48
Q

avoid __ in renal patients

A

sevo

49
Q

mac of enflurane

A

1.68

50
Q

mac of halo

A

.75

respiratory physio (12 decks)

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