Inguinal Canal & Spermatic Cord- Exam III Flashcards
Strong tube that carriers sperm cells
Ductus deferens
Blood supply that carries arterial blood to the testes
Testicular artery
Plexus of veins that drains the testes; starts out as mesh of interconnected multiple veins that will merge together ultimately on either side of the body called the testicular vein
Pampiniform plexus
Branch of lumbar sacral plexus that is sexually dimorphic
Genitorfemoral nerve
In males the genitorfemoral nerve carries _____ & _____.
In females the Genitofemoral nerve carries:
Somatic sensory & somatic motor
Somatic sensory only
The somatic motor function of the Genitofemoral nerve is responsible for the innervation of what muscle:
Cremaster muslce
List the 6 components of the spermatic cord:
- Ductus deferens
- Testicular artery
- Pampiniform plexus
- Genitofemoral nerve
- Autonomic nerves
- Lymphatics
Location of where spermatic cord passes through body wall:
Inguinal canal
Location where sperm is manufactured:
Testes
Location in which sperm matures:
Epididymis
Type of fascia that is only found anteriorly on the abdominal wall
Scarpa’s fascia
Serous lining of entire abdominopelvic cavity:
Parietal peritoneum
If the embryo becomes a male, the dermis attached to the gubernaculum will end up at:
Bottom of scrotum
If the embryo becomes a female, the dermis attached to the gubernaculum will correspond to:
Labia majora
Male gonad:
Female gonad:
Testes; ovary
Location in which gonads originate embryonically:
Upper lumbar region around L1
What process does the gubernaculum assist in:
Migration of gonads to adult position
How does the gubernaculum move the gonads:
By shortening
The location where the gubernaculum pierces through all of the abdominal wall layers will ultimately end up forming the:
Inguinal canal
Testes will start in the plane between:
Parietal peritoneum & transversalis fascia
What is the deepest abdominal wall layer that the testes must pass through:
Transversalis fascia
What is established before the testes begin migrating?
Blood, nerve, & lymphatic supply
Where are the spermatic cord contents in relation to the tests when the testes are migrating?
Trailing behind the testes
Why can’t the testes pass through the inguinal hole? Can gubernaculum pass through?
Testes are too large; and yes gubernaculum passes with EASE BITCH
Tiny hole formed by the gubernaculum piercing the Transversalis fascia to get through the abdominal wall layers:
Inguinal hole
The gubernaculum continues to pull the testes even though they will never pass through. What first step must occur to get the testing to move down into the scrotum?
Transversalis fascia stretches like sleeve and leaves body cavity
When the testes pass through sleeve of Transversalis fascia, what two things occur?
- Transversalis fascia thins considerably
- Transversalis fascia leaves body cavity & anterior abdominal wall
At the point where the deep inguinal ring forms, we will no longer call it Transversalis fascia- it will now be called:
Internal spermatic fascia
Why does the transversus abdominus not contribute to the layers of the spermatic cord?
Large arching lower border that the testes can easily pass under
After the testes pass under the transversus abdominus muscle with ease, next they will bump up against:
Internal abdominal oblique layer
The point at which the testes make contact with the internal abdominal oblique, this portion of the oblique is:
Skeletal muscle portion
The skeletal muscle portion of the internal abdominal oblique that the testes come into contact with, will form a new inguinal ring called the:
Middle inguinal ring
At the point at which the middle inguinal ring is formed, what occurs with internal abdominal oblique muscles?
Stretches out and forms cremaster muscle
Why do males have a cremaster muscle when this is absent in females?
Male gonad has to travel outside of body cavity; in females it doesn’t
Where is the cremaster muscle in relation to the internal spermatic fascia
Directly outsie
After the IAO forms the middle inguinal ring and cremaster muscle, the testes will the bump into what layer:
External abdominal oblique
When the testes make contact with the external abdominal oblique, what type of tissue is it hitting?
Aponeurosis (connective tissue and NOT skeletal muscle)
The external abdominal oblique will form what final inguinal ring?
Superficial inguinal ring
At the point of the superficial inguinal ring, the external abdominal oblique fascia changes its name to:
External spermatic fascia
There is a small tag of gubernaculum that will attach to _____
Parietal peritoneum
The small piece of parietal peritoneum attached to the gubernaculum will come out as:
Extension to peritoneal cavity
The little parietal peritoneal sleeve will follow the testes down into the:
Scrotum
The name of the small sleeve of parietal peritoneum (hollow) that follows down into the testes
Processus vaginalis
Describe the spatial relationship between the processus vaginalius and the testes
The processus vaginalis ends up PROCEEDING the testes
Where does the processus vaginalis reside:
Within the internal spermatic fascia
The processus vaginalis will be empty (aside from small amount of fluid) and the spermatic cord contents lie _______ to the processus vaginalis
ALONGSIDE/PARALLLEL
At birth what happens to the processus vaginalis:
It will close down after traveling through the inguinal canal
At birth what portion of the processus vaginalis remains open and why?
Portion down in the scrotum and to provide a lubricated environment
The processus vaginalius in the bottom of the scrotum that remains is in an adult is called:
Tunica vaginalius
Extension of peritoneum that lines that adult scrotum:
Tunica vaginalis
Do females have inguinal rings or spermatic cords?
Yes small inguinal rings , no spermatic cord
Blood supply for testes:
Testicular artery & Pampiniform plexus
Where do our spermatocord contents will open up into the abdominal cavity:
Deep inguinal ring
The inguinal canal runs between the:
Deep inguinal ring and superficial inguinal ring
Where do gonads start in enbryological development?
Upper lumbar region ~L1 to L2
The deep inguinal ring is found about 1/2 along the:
Inguinal ligament
Where is the inguinal canal in relation to the inguinal ligament?
ALWAYS ABOVE
Our spermatic cord begins where our _______ ends at the superficial inguinal ring
Inguinal canal
Transversalis fascia———> X
Transversus abdominus ——>
Internal abdominal oblique ———> X
External abdominal oblique ——>
- Internal spermatic fascia
- Non-contributory
- Cremastor muscles
- External spermatic fascia
What rings do the following layers give rise to?
Transversalis fascia —->
Transversus abdominus——>
Internal abdominal oblique —->
External abdominal oblique —->
- Deep inguinal ring
- NA
- Middle inguinal ring
- Superficial inguinal ring
Contraction of this muscle will pull the testes up toward the body; used in thermoregulation
Cremastor muscle
Cremastor reflex is due to what type of innervation from what nerve:
Somatic sensory component of Genitofemoral nerve
