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BEC > Information_Technology > Flashcards

Information_Technology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the duties of a Systems Programmer?

A

Writes- Updates- Maintains- & Tests software- systems- and compilers

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2
Q

If it is not possible to segregate duties in an IT System- what actions should be taken to compensate for internal control purposes?

A

Include Computer Logs. Control Group should review the logs.

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3
Q

What are the characteristics of an Expert System (ES)?

A

Computer uses reasoning structured; No human interpretation needed

An expert system is a computer software decision support system that uses a computer’s ability to make decisions based on input from the user and an expert knowledge database.

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3
Q

What are the characteristics of a Decision Support System (DSS)?

A

Computer provides data Gives Interactive Support Human interpretation needed

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of an Ad Hoc computer report?

A

User initiates the report. The report is created upon demand.

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5
Q

When are Exception reports generated?

A

Exception reports are produced when Edit Tests- Check Digits- or Self-Checking Digits identify a problem

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5
Q

What is End-User Computing?

A

The User develops and executes their own application.

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6
Q

What is the primary benefit of E-commerce?

A

E-commerce makes business transactions easier.

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6
Q

What are the risks of E-commerce?

A

Compromised data or theft. Less paper trail for auditors.

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7
Q

What is a File Server?

A

A file server stores shared programs and documents.

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8
Q

What is the purpose of a WAN (Wide Area Network)?

A

It connects computers that are far apart.

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of a virus?

A

Takes over a computer Needs a host program to run

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10
Q

What are the characteristics of a computer worm?

A

Takes over multiple computers Doesn’t need a host program to run

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11
Q

What is the purpose of Automated Equipment Controls?

A

They prevent and detect hardware errors.

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12
Q

What is RAM?

A

Random Access Memory. Internal memory in the computer used during immediate processing.

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13
Q

What is a CPU?

A

Computer Processing Unit It processes commands within a computer.

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14
Q

What is Job Control Language?

A

It schedules and allocates system resources.

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15
Q

What are examples of input devices?

A

Keyboard Mouse Scanner Magnetic Ink Reader Magnetic Tape Reader EDI Point of Sale Scanner

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15
Q

What are examples of Output Devices?

A

Speakers Monitors Printers

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16
Q

What are the characteristics of Magnetic Tape storage?

A

Sequential Access - Sorts data in order Slower data retrieval Header Label prevents Operator error by loading wrong tape External Labels prevent accidental destruction by operator

17
Q

What are the characteristics of Magnetic Disks?

A

Random Access - Finds data in random spots Faster data retrieval Uses Boundary Protection for data

18
Q

What is a Gateway?

A

Connects one network to another Note: the Internet is connected by Gateways

19
Q

What are Parity Checks?

A

A control that detects internal data errors. A bit is added to each character- it checks to see if a bit was lost.

20
Q

What is an Echo Check?

A

Transmitted data is returned to the sender for verification (it echoes back to the sender)

21
Q

What is a Change Control?

A

It authorizes program changes and approves program test results.

22
Q

What is security software?

A

Software that controls access to IT systems. Note: Don’t confuse this with anti-virus software

23
Q

What is the purpose of a Digital Signature?

A

It confirms a message has not been altered.

24
Q

List the types of computers from smallest to largest

A

PDA/Smartphone/Tablet Microcomputer - PC- Laptop (cost-effective) Minicomputer - Like a Mainframe- but smaller Mainframe - Large computer with terminals attached Supercomputer - Very powerful and very big

25
Q

What is the duty of a design engineer?

A

Determine language used for a specific computer- on a computer-to-computer basis

26
Q

What are object programs?

A

Programs written in base computer language- not similar to English.

27
Q

How can source programs be recognized?

A

They are written in a language close to English.

28
Q

How does Online Analytical Processing work?

A

It uses a Data Warehouse to support management decision making.

29
Q

What is Data Mining?

A

Using artificial intelligence and pattern recognition to analyze data stores within a Data Warehouse.

30
Q

What is the purpose of online transaction processing?

A

To process a company’s routine transactions.

31
Q

What does an output control check for?

A

Checks to see if output data is valid- distributed and used in an authorized manner.

32
Q

What does a processing control check?

A

Checks if data processing produced proper output

33
Q

What is a validity check?

A

Checks to see if data in existing tables or files belongs in the set For example- is there a # in an alpha-only field or a letter in a numeric-only field

34
Q

What is a field check?

A

An input check that prevents invalid characters- i.e. checks for alphabetic letters in a SSN field

35
Q

What is a Hot Site?

A

A disaster recovery system where if the main system goes down- a Hot Site is ready to take over immediately.

36
Q

What is a Cold Site?

A

If a main system goes down- a Cold Site will take time to get set up and running.

37
Q

What is the most common database language?

A

SQL - Standard Query Language

38
Q

What is a Data Definition Language?

A

Defines SQL Database Controls SQL Tables

39
Q

What is a Data Manipulation Language?

A

Queries SQL Database tables

40
Q

What is a Data Control Language?

A

Controls Access to SQL Database

41
Q

What are the characteristics of a Hierarchical Database?

A

Has various levels Uses trees to store data

42
Q

What are the advantages of a database?

A

Data is more accessible Reduced redundancy

43
Q

What are the disadvantages of a database?

A

Cost of installation Skilled personnel required to maintain

44
Q

What are the components of a database?

A

Desktop client Application Server Database Server Think: Your desktop computer runs applications and saves to a database

BEC (20 decks)

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