Information Technology, the Internet, and You

Question 1

What is Software?

Answer 1

purpose is to convert data(unprocessed facts) into information (processed facts).
Tells computer how to do its work.

Question 2

System Software

Answer 2

Enables application software to interact with computer hardware. “Background” software helps computer manage own internal resources.

Question 3

Types of system software

Answer 3

Operating Systems and Utilities

Question 4

Operating Systems

Answer 4

Coordinates computer resources, provide interface between users and computer, and run applications.

Question 5

Types of Operating Systems

Answer 5

Embedded operating systems (mobile devices), stand-alone operating systems(windows 10/macOS), network operating systems(networks)

Question 6

Utilities

Answer 6

Perform specific tasks related to managing computer resources (antivirus programs)

Question 7

Application Software

Answer 7

End-user software

Question 8

Types of Application Software

Answer 8

General-purpose, specialized, apps

Question 9

General-purpose applications

Answer 9

Widely used. Includes word processors, spreadsheets, etc.

Question 10

Specialized applications

Answer 10

Focus on specific disciplines and occupations

Question 11

Mobile applications

Answer 11

Small programs primarily designed for mobile devices

Question 12

Hardware

Answer 12

Equipment that processed data to create information. Controlled by software to follow instructions to accept input, process input, and produce information

Question 13

Types of computers

Answer 13

Super computers, Mainframe computers, Midrange computers, Personal computers

Question 14

Super computers

Answer 14

Most powerful type of computer. Used by large organizations to process massive amounts of data.

Question 15

Mainframe computers

Answer 15

In specially wire, air-conditioned rooms. Not as powerful as supercomputers. Still capable of great processing speeds and data storage.

Question 16

Midrange computers (Servers)

Answer 16

Processing capabilities less powerful than a mainframe but better than personal computer. Used to support or serve end users for specific needs.

Question 17

Personal Computer

Answer 17

Least powerful, widely used, fastest growing. Desktops, laptops, tablets, smartphones, and wearables.

Question 18

Personal Computer Hardware

Answer 18

System unit, input/output, Secondary storage, communication

Question 19

System Unit (PC)

Answer 19

Houses most of electronic components. Two important components: Microprocessors and memory

Question 20

Microprocessors (PC)

Answer 20

controls and manipulates data to produce information.

Question 21

Memory (PC)

Answer 21

Holding area for data, instructions, and information.

Question 22

Random-access memory (RAM)

Answer 22

Holds program and data currently being processed. Sometimes referred as temporary storage (contents will typically be lost if power is lost).

Question 23

Input

Answer 23

Translate data and programs that humans understand to a form that computers can process. Mouse and Keyboard.

Question 24

Output

Answer 24

Translate processed information from computer to form humans can understand. Monitor.

Question 25

Secondary Storage

Answer 25

Holds data and programs even after power is off. Hard disks, Solid-state storage, and Optical discs

Question 26

Hard disks

Answer 26

Store programs and large data files. Uses rigid metallic platters and read/write heads that move across platters and stores data and information using magnetic charges on surface.

Question 27

Solid-state storage

Answer 27

No moving parts, more reliable, requires less power. Saves data and information similar to RAM except not volatile.

Question 28

Optical Discs

Answer 28

Laser technology to store data and programs. CDs, DVDs, Bluray

Question 29

Communication

Answer 29

Routinely communicates with other computer systems using internet.

Question 30

Modem

Answer 30

Communication device that modifies audio, video, and other types of data into a form than can be transmitted across the internet.

Question 31

Data

Answer 31

Raw, unprocessed facts. Processed data yields information.

Question 32

Types of data

Answer 32

Document files (word processors), worksheet files (Spreadsheets), database files (Management programs), presentation files (save presentation materials).

Question 33

Internet

Answer 33

Connects people and computers. Expands capability and usefulness of information systems

Question 34

Network

Answer 34

Communication system connecting two or more computers

Question 35

Web

Answer 35

Provides multimedia interface to numerous resources available on the internet

Question 36

Driving factors on impact of technology

Answer 36

Cloud computing, wireless communication, Internet of Things (IoT).

Question 37

Cloud computing

Answer 37

Shift many computer activities from user's computer to computers on the internet. Connect to cloud and access more powerful computers, software, and storage.

Question 38

Internet of Things (IoT)

Answer 38

Continuing development of the Internet that allows everyday objects embedded with electronic devices to send and receive data over the Internet. Connect all types of devices.

Question 39

Procedures

Answer 39

Rules for people to follow when using software (manuals)