information processing Flashcards

1
Q

Ecological IP theory

A

how motor programming interacts with the environment to perform a goal oriented behavior
-organization of the motor output is specific to the task

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2
Q

Cognitive IP theory

A

Humans interact with the environment as processors of information

  • storage,coding,retrieval,transformation of info
  • motor behavior & output
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3
Q

Basic Assumptions of IP

A

processes via a series of systems:

  • attention
  • STM
  • perception
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4
Q

Does IP in humans resemble computers?

A

Central processor of limited capacity
combine info presented with stored info
humans can process more than 1 thing at a time (parallel processing)

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5
Q

Serial Processing

A
  • single channel models
  • one thing being processed at a time
  • controlled IP
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6
Q

Parallel Processing

A
  • multiple channel pathways
  • processing more than 1 thing at a time
  • automatic IP
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7
Q

Three stages of IP

A

Stimulus Identification
Response selection
Response Processing

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8
Q

Stimulus Identification

A

-detection of sensory stimuli & neural encoding of info

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9
Q

2 substages of stimulus Identification

A
  • stimulus detection

- pattern recognition

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10
Q

pattern recognition

A

-decipher patterns of stimuli both static & dynamic
static=recognizing familiar face (object not moving)
dynamic=car driving towards you (object constantly changing)

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11
Q

stimulus detection

A

-stimulus from env processed @ diff levels until memory is contacted

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12
Q

Response Selection

A

Selection of which motor response to execute

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13
Q

Hick’s Law

A

inc # of stimulus response=inc time

-more choices you have the longer it takes to chose one

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14
Q

Fitt’s Law

A

the more complex the response, the longer the section time

-more info there is to process, longer it takes to select a response

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15
Q

What affects response selection?

A
  • performance
  • practice
  • 3 of stimulus responses available
  • stimulus response compatibility (stronger w/ learned associations)
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16
Q

Response Processing

A

organization and initiation of motor process

17
Q

Henry-Rogers experiments

A
  • inc complexity of a response that needs programing=inc RT

- more time to process movements, increase accuracy demand, and longer movement durations

18
Q

factors affecting response programming

A
  1. # of movements (that need to be programmed)
  2. movement duration
  3. Movement accuracy
19
Q

Anticipation

A

ability to predict occurrence of external stimuli & select appropriate response to it

20
Q

3 types of anticipation

A
  1. perceptual: predictability from previous knowledge & experience
  2. effector: how long is it going to take something to move
  3. receptor: (mechanoréçtors) detection of sensations
21
Q

Spatial (event) Anticipation

A

aware of the type of stimulus that could be present and what subsequent responses would be required
-advanced info allows for response programming before stimulus has arrived–>decreased RT

22
Q

Temporal Anticipation

A

anticipation of when stimulus will arrive can lead to large decrease in RT

23
Q

Foreperiods

A

period of time prior to stimulus onset
-constant vs variable=variable in RT
constant & short foreperiods=shortest reaction times

24
Q

Cost Benefit analysis of anticipation

A
  • respond quickly if anticipate correctly
  • anticipate incorrectly->costs time b/c have to undo and replay appropriate motor plan, inc run time
  • situation/task dependent
25
Automatic processing
neuronal activation in response to stimuli parallel in nature greater capacity/fast acting
26
Controlled Processing
requires selective attention serial in nature slow process
27
Other things impacting IP
- Attention - Arousal - Anxiety
28
Anxiety
distress about future events and uncertainties | -anxiety inc arousal levels
29
Arousal
can have increased arousal w/out inc in anxiety too-high-->goof for gross motor too-low--> good for fine motor
30
Inverted U Principle
there is an optimal level of arousal for each task
31
IP under High arousal
perceptual narrowing | hypervigalence
32
Perceptual narrowing
"tunnel vision" - increased focus on stimuli related to the task at hand vs irrelevant stimuli - dec ability to perceive other stimuli that may be important for the task later on
33
Hypervigalance/Panic
severe stress which leads to severely disrupted actions | -freezing