Attention & memory

Question 1

Attention

Answer 1

taking possession of the mind. Concentrating on some things and withdrawing from others in order to effectively deal with the task.

Question 2

Aspects of attention

Answer 2

Focusing: attend to a specific stimuli
Shifting: demonstrate flexibility with changing stimuli
Sustainability: ability to sustain an alert state for a period of time
Encoding: what you do with info from stimuli (manipulation of stimuli)

Question 3

Selective Attention, Divided Attention & Automaticity

Answer 3

Selective: difficulty attending to more than one thing
Divided: multitasking, attending to more than one thing at once
Automaticity: do without think, well learned skills

Question 4

Attention pools are effected by…

Answer 4

whether 2 tasks are derived from same stimulus type

-complex/novel tasks require large pools–>only a small amy of attention leftover for second task

Question 5

Stimuli processed in parallel

Answer 5

stimuli being processed at the same time–>can take in more resources at once
some exceed attention limits–>can switch b/t competing resources
some require long processing periods–>dec attention

Question 6

Limitations in identification stimuli

Answer 6

Stoop effect: visual selective attention

Cocktail party effect: auditory selective attention

Question 7

Stroop effect

Answer 7

2 conditions: neutral word & color word

congruent: word and color of word are the same
incongruent: inc reaction time b/c of interference b/t 2 stimuli

Question 8

Cocktail Party Effect

Answer 8

when “unattended” stimuli is processed in parallel with “attended” stimuli during early stimulus identification
–>stimulus typically “passes through” even though not attending to it b/c it relevant and familiar to the person

Question 9

Inattention Blindness

Answer 9

Inability to recognize certain visual stimuli when attention is directed at other stimuli

• ->the intentional processing of specific visual stimuli leads to inability to process unattended stimuli
• ->looking for a parking spot & almost hit pedestrian

Question 10

Limitations in response selection

controlled vs automatic

Answer 10

Controlled vs Automatic
controlled:serial processing, usually of a novel task, slow selective requirement of attention
Automatic: processing in parallel, fast, typically with familiar stimuli/tasks, simultaneous tasks w/out interruption of performance

Question 11

Limitations in response programming

Answer 11

organization & initiation of a motor plan

double stimulation paradigm

Question 12

Double stimulation Paradigm

Answer 12

2 similar stimuli initiate 2 separate responses

interference of programming 1st and 2nd stimuli