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Informatics > Informatics 5- Architectures of Information Systems > Flashcards

Informatics 5- Architectures of Information Systems Flashcards

1
Q

internet and world wide web

A
  • computers must network to exchange data
  • local area networks (LANS)
  • internet: global network-of networks using telecommunications protocol/internet protocol stack (TCP/IP)
  • 1960s: advanced research project agency network (ARPANET)
  • 1989: World Wide Web (WWW) by tim berbers-lee
  • browser- hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)
  • hypertext markup language (HTML)- language we talk to
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2
Q

LANS

A

local area networks

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3
Q

HTTP vs HTTS

A
  • HTTS- secure -> important for healthcare

- HTTP- non-secure

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4
Q

interoperability of the internet

A
  • global use of standards HTTP
  • exchange data in HTML
  • transport of data by TCP/IP
  • each device (host) must have an internet protocol (IP) address
  • IP address and a routing prefix or “subnet mask”
  • 192.168.10.1 and subnet mask 255.254.254.0
  • IP version 4, new one version version 6
  • domain name system (DNS)- common language based addresses
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5
Q

application layer

A
  • HTTP
  • google drive, blackboard, solar
  • must be certified with the EMR to make sure its secure*
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6
Q

host

A

-you are the host when you are on a computer

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7
Q

host to target

A
  • host (laptop) -> application layer -> transports (TCP) to -> network layer (IP) -> goes to data link layer
  • media for data transfer (ethernet) -> is it big enough and secure enough to transmit the data -> this is our biggest issue
  • goes back to data link layer -> network layer (IP) -> transport layer (TCP) -> application layer (HTTP) -> target (webserver)
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8
Q

web services

A
  • local PC or server
  • web server
  • task specific applications via a series of transactions to and from other web-aware applications/services over internet
  • representational state transfer (RESTful)- what its gonna look like when it transmits the information
  • simple object access protocol (SOAP)- protocol in which the information is transmitted
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9
Q

server

A
  • always multiple transaction with multiple users and multiple programs
  • decentralized
  • can go everywhere
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10
Q

RESTful

A
  • what its gonna look like when it transmits the information

- representational state transfer

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11
Q

SOAP

A

protocol in which the information is transmitted

-simple object access protocol

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12
Q

health information organization (HIO) and web services

A
  • requires:
  • master patients index (MPI)- consists of the medical record number
  • record locator service (RLS)- whos looking at it, where is it being stored, locates records
  • gateways- connects and separates within the same network
  • adaptors (connectors software)
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13
Q

medical record number

A
  • unique number that identifies the patient
  • this is a problem when someone has more than one number bc of mistakes -> new names, new addresses, new insurances
  • if you come in unconscious it becomes a problem
  • medical record numbers can be merged after bills are paid, labs are in etc.
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14
Q

adaptor

A
  • NIC card

- ethernet port

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15
Q

record locator service (RLS)

A
  • whos looking at the records
  • where is it being stored
  • locates records
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16
Q

application

A

-not user friendly
-access network services
-blackboard -> not google
-

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17
Q

presentation

A

-translates data

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18
Q

session

A
  • establishes, maintains and terminates “sessions”
  • logging into blackboard -> creates a session
  • now you can communicate
19
Q

transport

A

-error recognition and recovery

20
Q

network

A
  • message control, switching and routing
  • how are be getting there
  • is it wired?
21
Q

data link

A
  • packages data from physical layer into frames (special packets) and its responsible for error free from transfer from one computer (node) to another
  • data is unstructured information
22
Q

physical

A

-unstructured raw data stream from other layers

23
Q

open systems interconnection stack

A
  • number starts from the top to the bottom

- seven layers of OSI

24
Q

seven layers of OSI

A
  • numbers start from the top to the bottom
    1. application layer’
    1. presentation layer
    1. session layer
    1. transport layer
    1. network layer
    1. data link layer
    1. physical layer
  • top down -> transmit data
  • down to top -> receive data
25
Q

networks

A
  • group of computers linked together to share information
  • dial-up modem, wireless fidelity (WiFi), digital subscription line (DSL), 3G/4G, cable modem or T1 lines
  • internet protocol (IP) is a standard that segments data, voice and video
  • transmission performance:
  • bandwidth
  • packet loss- loss of data
  • end-to-end delay
26
Q

max distance of coaxial?

27
Q

transmission

A
  • federal information processing standard (FIPS)
  • encryption technique encodes each packet
  • cant be read while transmitted -> this is how people hack information
  • only during the transmission while it be encrypted and not stolen -> most secure
  • adds some delay and increase bandwidth
28
Q

encryption

A
  • secures data
  • more encryption you put on a file -> the bigger it becomes and the slower
  • you need a very robust network and servers for a high encryption
  • while information is being transmitted through the network information can be stolen if its not encrypted
  • only during the transmission while it be encrypted and not stolen -> most secure
29
Q

personal area networks (PANs)

A
  • bluetooth
  • close proximity network linked by bluetooth
  • security issues
  • almost all bluetoth has the same numbers
30
Q

local area networks (LANs)

A
  • computers linked in office, hospital, or home
  • nodes (computers, printers) connecting technology (wired or wireless) and specialized equipment (hubs, routers)
  • phone or DSL up to 128 Mbps
  • ethernet (Cat 5 cables)
  • security issues too
  • keyword “only” two countries can only talk to each other -> LAN
31
Q

wireless (WiFi) networks (WLANS)

A
  • wireless (WiFi) networks (WLANS)
  • 54 Mbps to 900 Mbps
  • slower and more expensive
  • does not require hubs or switches
  • interference from microwaves, cordless phones and bluetooth
  • security established using encryption scheme (WiFi protected access II (WAP2)) or firewall
32
Q

wide area networks (WANs)

A
  • cross city or national borders
  • ex. within US
  • two countries talking to each other, two hospitals talking to each other (keyword no “only”)
33
Q

global area networks (GANs)

A
  • connected networks with unlimited geographic area
  • 3G, 4G
  • 54-70 mbps
  • spotty coverage
  • worldwide
34
Q

network types

A
  • wireless (WiFI) networks (WLANs)
  • local area network (LANs)
  • wide area network (WANs)
  • global area network (GANs)
35
Q

virtual private virtual networks (VPNs)

A
  • home computer attached to network at work by communicating with VPN server associated with that network
  • authentication and security
  • “tunneling protocols” encrypt data by sender and decrypt it at receivers via secured tunnel
36
Q

open architect

A

-able to change things around

37
Q

closed architect

A

-cant make any changes

38
Q

mainframe

A

-centralized

39
Q

server

A
  • decentralized

- can go everywhere

40
Q

TCP/IP

A
  • transfer data

- protocol

41
Q

HTML

A

exchange data

-hypertext markup language

42
Q

DNS

A
  • domain name system

- common language based address

43
Q

HTTP

A

hypertext transfer protocol

-HTTPS- hypertext transfer protocol secure

Informatics (15 decks)

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