Informatics 5- Architectures of Information Systems Flashcards

1
Q

internet and world wide web

A
  • computers must network to exchange data
  • local area networks (LANS)
  • internet: global network-of networks using telecommunications protocol/internet protocol stack (TCP/IP)
  • 1960s: advanced research project agency network (ARPANET)
  • 1989: World Wide Web (WWW) by tim berbers-lee
  • browser- hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)
  • hypertext markup language (HTML)- language we talk to
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2
Q

LANS

A

local area networks

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3
Q

HTTP vs HTTS

A
  • HTTS- secure -> important for healthcare

- HTTP- non-secure

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4
Q

interoperability of the internet

A
  • global use of standards HTTP
  • exchange data in HTML
  • transport of data by TCP/IP
  • each device (host) must have an internet protocol (IP) address
  • IP address and a routing prefix or “subnet mask”
  • 192.168.10.1 and subnet mask 255.254.254.0
  • IP version 4, new one version version 6
  • domain name system (DNS)- common language based addresses
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5
Q

application layer

A
  • HTTP
  • google drive, blackboard, solar
  • must be certified with the EMR to make sure its secure*
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6
Q

host

A

-you are the host when you are on a computer

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7
Q

host to target

A
  • host (laptop) -> application layer -> transports (TCP) to -> network layer (IP) -> goes to data link layer
  • media for data transfer (ethernet) -> is it big enough and secure enough to transmit the data -> this is our biggest issue
  • goes back to data link layer -> network layer (IP) -> transport layer (TCP) -> application layer (HTTP) -> target (webserver)
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8
Q

web services

A
  • local PC or server
  • web server
  • task specific applications via a series of transactions to and from other web-aware applications/services over internet
  • representational state transfer (RESTful)- what its gonna look like when it transmits the information
  • simple object access protocol (SOAP)- protocol in which the information is transmitted
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9
Q

server

A
  • always multiple transaction with multiple users and multiple programs
  • decentralized
  • can go everywhere
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10
Q

RESTful

A
  • what its gonna look like when it transmits the information

- representational state transfer

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11
Q

SOAP

A

protocol in which the information is transmitted

-simple object access protocol

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12
Q

health information organization (HIO) and web services

A
  • requires:
  • master patients index (MPI)- consists of the medical record number
  • record locator service (RLS)- whos looking at it, where is it being stored, locates records
  • gateways- connects and separates within the same network
  • adaptors (connectors software)
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13
Q

medical record number

A
  • unique number that identifies the patient
  • this is a problem when someone has more than one number bc of mistakes -> new names, new addresses, new insurances
  • if you come in unconscious it becomes a problem
  • medical record numbers can be merged after bills are paid, labs are in etc.
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14
Q

adaptor

A
  • NIC card

- ethernet port

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15
Q

record locator service (RLS)

A
  • whos looking at the records
  • where is it being stored
  • locates records
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16
Q

application

A

-not user friendly
-access network services
-blackboard -> not google
-

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17
Q

presentation

A

-translates data

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18
Q

session

A
  • establishes, maintains and terminates “sessions”
  • logging into blackboard -> creates a session
  • now you can communicate
19
Q

transport

A

-error recognition and recovery

20
Q

network

A
  • message control, switching and routing
  • how are be getting there
  • is it wired?
21
Q

data link

A
  • packages data from physical layer into frames (special packets) and its responsible for error free from transfer from one computer (node) to another
  • data is unstructured information
22
Q

physical

A

-unstructured raw data stream from other layers

23
Q

open systems interconnection stack

A
  • number starts from the top to the bottom

- seven layers of OSI

24
Q

seven layers of OSI

A
  • numbers start from the top to the bottom
    1. application layer’
    1. presentation layer
    1. session layer
    1. transport layer
    1. network layer
    1. data link layer
    1. physical layer
  • top down -> transmit data
  • down to top -> receive data
25
networks
- group of computers linked together to share information - dial-up modem, wireless fidelity (WiFi), digital subscription line (DSL), 3G/4G, cable modem or T1 lines - internet protocol (IP) is a standard that segments data, voice and video - transmission performance: - bandwidth - packet loss- loss of data - end-to-end delay
26
max distance of coaxial?
320ft
27
transmission
- federal information processing standard (FIPS) - encryption technique encodes each packet - cant be read while transmitted -> this is how people hack information - only during the transmission while it be encrypted and not stolen -> most secure - adds some delay and increase bandwidth
28
encryption
- secures data - more encryption you put on a file -> the bigger it becomes and the slower - you need a very robust network and servers for a high encryption - while information is being transmitted through the network information can be stolen if its not encrypted - only during the transmission while it be encrypted and not stolen -> most secure
29
personal area networks (PANs)
- bluetooth - close proximity network linked by bluetooth - security issues - almost all bluetoth has the same numbers
30
local area networks (LANs)
- computers linked in office, hospital, or home - nodes (computers, printers) connecting technology (wired or wireless) and specialized equipment (hubs, routers) - phone or DSL up to 128 Mbps - ethernet (Cat 5 cables) - security issues too - keyword "only" two countries can only talk to each other -> LAN
31
wireless (WiFi) networks (WLANS)
- wireless (WiFi) networks (WLANS) - 54 Mbps to 900 Mbps - slower and more expensive - does not require hubs or switches - interference from microwaves, cordless phones and bluetooth - security established using encryption scheme (WiFi protected access II (WAP2)) or firewall
32
wide area networks (WANs)
- cross city or national borders - ex. within US - two countries talking to each other, two hospitals talking to each other (keyword no "only")
33
global area networks (GANs)
- connected networks with unlimited geographic area - 3G, 4G - 54-70 mbps - spotty coverage - worldwide
34
network types
- wireless (WiFI) networks (WLANs) - local area network (LANs) - wide area network (WANs) - global area network (GANs)
35
virtual private virtual networks (VPNs)
- home computer attached to network at work by communicating with VPN server associated with that network - authentication and security - "tunneling protocols" encrypt data by sender and decrypt it at receivers via secured tunnel
36
open architect
-able to change things around
37
closed architect
-cant make any changes
38
mainframe
-centralized
39
server
- decentralized | - can go everywhere
40
TCP/IP
- transfer data | - protocol
41
HTML
exchange data | -hypertext markup language
42
DNS
- domain name system | - common language based address
43
HTTP
hypertext transfer protocol | -HTTPS- hypertext transfer protocol secure