Inför Nationella Provet Biologi

Question 1

What are the levels of classification?

Answer 1

Kingdom - Keep
Phylum   - Pots
Class      - Clean
Order     - Or
Family    - Family
Genus    - Gets
Species - Sick

Question 2

What are the parts of an animal cell?

Answer 2

Nucleus - Stores DNA
Cell membrane - Filters what goes in & out
Mitochondria - Where energy is released in respiration
Cytoplasm - Where most chemical reactions happen
Ribosomes - Where Protein synthesis happens

Question 3

What are the parts of a plant cell?

Answer 3

Nucleus - Stores DNA
Cell membrane - Filters what goes in & out
Mitochondria - Where energy is released in respiration
Cytoplasm - Where most chemical reactions happen
Ribosomes - Where Protein synthesis happens
Cell Wall - Strength & Support
Chloroplasts - Stores Chlorophyll which perform photosynthesis
Permanent Vacuole - Filled with sap to help keep the cell turgid

Question 4

What is the binomial name?

Answer 4

Genus + Species eg. Homo sapiens

Question 5

What are the 5 kingdoms?

Answer 5

Monera - Cells w/o nucleus, single loop of DNA. Cell wall
Protista - Single celled organism. Can feed / make their own food.
Fungi - Can be parasitic, produce spores.
Animal - Feed on other organism. Multicellular.
Plant - Multicellular, make energy through photosynthesis.

Question 6

What are the 2 phylums of the Animal kingdom?

Answer 6

Invertebrate - No backbone

Vertebrate - Backbone

Question 7

What are the 2 phylums of the Plant kingdom?

Answer 7

No seed

Seed

Question 8

What is the formula for photosynthesis?

Answer 8

6CO2 + 6H2O ===> 602 + C6H12O6

Question 9

What is the formula for cellular respiration?

Answer 9

6CH12O6 + 6O2 ====> 6CO2 + 6H20

Question 10

How does Eutrophication occur?
What are the consequences?
How do we stop it?

Answer 10

Caused by:

• Cattle - poop
• Fertilization
• Human waste
• Waste from factories

The rain washes the fertilizer which contains Nitrogen & Phosphorus into water, the nutrients get into the water, Algae & Cyanobacteria grow because nutrients, form algae blooms. Bacteria eat the algae, uses oxygen, and algae blooms cover up the ocean so light can’t reach bottom, more food, less oxygen, and more eating of the dead which uses even more oxygen. And after that we get a dead zone, which doesn’t sound too good.

What can we do about it?
Well, we can regulate fertilizer (which we do) more
We can eat less cow, like fr.
We can filter the water better
We can prevent fertilizer from getting into the oceans before being cleansed, and we can finally, oxygenate the algae bloom areas.

Question 11

How does burning fossil fuels affect the environment?

Answer 11

When a fuel (contains carbon) is mixed with oxygen and is burned, it releases the carbon as CO2, and H2O, the released carbon in gas-form goes up into the air, making the atmosphere denser, which magnifies the greenhouse effect, trapping radiated heat on earth, which increases the average global temperature, a.k.a. global warming.

Question 12

Define all human systems and their functions as well as their main organs.

Answer 12

1. Respiratory system (Respirationssystemet) - Breathe in oxygen, through gas exchange in alleles brings oxygen into red blood cells, and recieves carbon dioxide which is then released through the lungs. Uses nose, throat, lungs, bronchi…
2. Circulatory system. The heart pumps blood around the body in veins and arteries, which give oxygen to the muscles, the deoxygenated arteries then pass through the lungs to exchange the carbon dioxide for oxygen.
3. Skeletal system: the entire skeleton, keeps the body intact and stuff, protects the body from shocks, protects the vital organs, structure, also produces blod cells.
4. Skin - Does a few things, keeps the body warm, protects from diseases, senses stuff
5. Muscular system - Keeps the body active, enables movement.
6. Endocrine system - Regulates hormones and stuff, pancreas, thyroid gland, Adrenal gland, Testis / Ovaries, Pituitary gland, Pineal gland.
7. Digestive system - Stomach, intestines, anus. Breaks down food and extracts nutrients and produces waste.
8. Nervous system - Brain, spinal chord, nerve tissue - Sends, receives and interprets messages which then control muscles.
9. Urinary system - Kidneys, bladder, where kidneys filter blood.
10. Reproductive system - System where babies are made, penis, testies, ovary, vagina.
11. Immune system. System of lymphatic vessles that help fight disease.