Info cards

Question 1

What do you always have to look for?

Answer 1

• MC
• Arg (mostly)

Question 2

MC

Answer 2

• ‘Trigger’ words (so, therefore, should)
  
  • in passages and answers
• Does rest of passage support MC?
• Be wary of intermediate conclusions

Question 3

Flaws: general

Answer 3

• Work out reasons for conc and then knock them down

Question 4

7

Flaws: question types

Answer 4

1. Generalisation
2. Causal/correlation mix-up
3. Alternative explanation
4. Gap in logic
5. A is wrong, so B is right
6. Confuse 2 ideas (e.g. imprisonment and punishment)
7. Confuse with weakness/other question type
8. More done by this than that (exercise question, cyberbullying) - generally stronger than other Q types

Question 5

DC: general

Answer 5

• Typically combine MC and Arg
• Typically combine whole passage
• Enough info to support DC?

Question 6

4 - Reasons why not

DC: question types

Answer 6

1. Go beyond scope?
2. Not enough info to support answer?
3. Extreme language (always, never, every case, etc)
4. Subjective wording (e.g. confuse ‘dissapointment’ with ‘upset’)
   
   • Make sure every word in answer matches passage

Question 7

UA: general

Answer 7

• identify MC
• which piece of reasoning most supports conclusion?
• Would arg fall apart if not true?

Question 8

Weaknesses: general

Answer 8

• focus on arg
• think more generally about this
• Sim to flaws in terms of question types

Question 9

Weaknesses: question types

Answer 9

1. Generalisation
2. Causal/correlation mix-up
3. Alternative explanation
4. Gap in logic
5. A is wrong, so B is right
6. Confuse 2 ideas (e.g. imprisonment and punishment)
7. Confuse with weakness/other question type
8. e.g. though using catalytic converters to remove pollutants may cause breathing problems (that some pollutants mitigate), the effect of having no converters would be worse

Question 10

Parallel

Answer 10

• Normal structure
• Look for certain words (always, must, etc)
• Look for negativity
• Look for tense e.g. will, have done, etc
• Look for degree of certainty
• Sometimes more than letters (e.g. Q13)

Question 11

Principles

Answer 11

• Often contained in 1 or 2 sentences
• relationship between actors/ideas v important
• use process of elim
• look for use of specific ideas e.g. moraly entitled =/= morally obligated

Question 12

Strengthen

Answer 12

• Focus on arg (2014 Q17)
• Do other answers weaken rather than strengthen?
• Which answers strengthens most?

Question 13

A common way to rule out CT answers is…

Answer 13

by considering whether answers match question type

Question 14

Problem solving

Answer 14

• Insert answers to see if they work
• read Q first
• careful attention to Q
• once answers achieved, move onto next Q