Influenza

Question 1

The flu is the acute, highly ________ __________ of the upper respiratory tract

Answer 1

Contagious Inflammation

Question 2

The flu caused severe damage to the _________ __________ of the upper tract

Answer 2

Mucosal lining

Question 3

The _____ is the most common kind of flu

Answer 3

A/ equine 2

Question 4

Influenza effects what horse?

Answer 4

• 1-5 (but mostly 1-3) year olds
• horses with low immunity levels (age, stress, illness)

Question 5

Foals are vaccinated for the flu at how old?

Answer 5

5-6 months

Question 6

The flu doesn’t constantly _________, but is _________ in outbreaks.

Answer 6

Circulate; sporadic

Question 7

The flu virus is transmitted via _________ dispersed when the horse coughs.

Answer 7

Aerosolized droplets

Question 8

The live flu virus is only shed by the horse for the first _________ hours of infection.

Answer 8

24 - 48 (fever stage!)

Question 9

The influenza virus is very _______ and can be destroyed by ________

Answer 9

Fragile; soaps and detergents

Question 10

Place equipment such as halters and blankets in the _____________ to kill the flu virus.

Answer 10

Sun for a week

Question 11

Flu symptoms include:
- _____ day incubation period
- moderate to high fever (________°F)
- serous _______ for 1-5 days
- __________ lasting up to 3 weeks

Answer 11

1-4; 102-106°F; nasal discharge; dry cough

Question 12

In a healthy horse the flu can last _______ days

Answer 12

7-10

Question 13

The flu virus can damage the muscle of the ______ and the cells of the _______

Answer 13

Heart; liver

Question 14

The flu virus attacks the __________ of the upper respiratory tract

Answer 14

ciliated epithelium

Question 15

When the flu attacks the epithelium it then _________ and causes a moist cough

Answer 15

Sloughs off

Question 16

When the flu causes the epithelium to slough off, it causes small ______ in the tract

Answer 16

Wounds

Question 17

Wounds caused by epithelium sloughing can provide an ‘open’ area for ___________

Answer 17

Secondary infections

Question 18

If there are no _____________ the epithelium will regenerate in about _________

Answer 18

Secondary infections; 3 weeks

Question 19

Influenza treatment includes:
- reduce exposure to ___ and _____
- avoid _______
- ?
-?

Answer 19

• reduce exposure to dust and air contaminants
• avoid stress
• rest
• isolation

Question 20

The flu can be treated with _________ and __________ meds

Answer 20

Non-steroidal; anti-inflammatory

Question 21

Banamine is also known as…

Answer 21

Flunixin meglumine

Question 22

Banamine helps treat the flu because it…

Answer 22

• reduces fever
• helps keep the horse comfortable (it’s an anti-inflammatory)

Question 23

When recovering from the flu, horses should rest for at least _______, or alternatively one ______ for every ______ of fever (starting after symptoms resolve)

Answer 23

6 weeks; week; day

Question 24

Normal flu vaccinations last for ______, but horses are generally only vaccinated ______ a year

Answer 24

6 months; once

Question 25

Horses should be vaccinated more often for the flu if they are…

Answer 25

• traveling
• stressed
• in areas of high traffic

Question 26

Most flu vaccines protect against both the ____ and _____ strains

Answer 26

A2; KT98 (Kentucky 98)