Equine Herpesvirus Flashcards
Equine herpesvirus is also known as __________, or _____ for short
Rhinopnemonitis; “rhino”
There are ____ subtypes of the equine herpesvirus (EHV), ____ in horses and ____ in donkeys
8; 5; 3
Types 1 and 4 of EHV are the __________, type 3 causes a _______ disease, and types 2 and 5 are _____________ but _____________.
Most common; veneral; commonly found in horses; rarely cause disease
EHV-4 causes __________ disease predominantly
Respiratory
EHV-4 can effect all horses, but mainly is found in…
- foals 4-8 months (after weaning, which is stressful)
- young performance horses (training barns)
- show horses
EHV-1 can cause ______, _________, and _________ diseases.
Reproductive; respiratory; neurological
EHV-1 sits latent within the body’s __________ and _________, and is activated by _______
White blood cells; lymph nodes; stress
EHV-1 is the leading cause of _______________ worldwide
Infectious abortion
(#1 cause of late term abortions, and if foals are born alive they often need to be euthanized)
EHV-1 (neurological form) is also known as…
Equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy
EHV-1 (neurological form) is caused by a __________ in the DNA polymerase
Single point mutation
Of bodily fluids, _________ has the highest viral count regarding the flu virus
Nasal discharge
The EHV virus is present in ______ droplets and ________ from the lungs, but can also be found in the ________ and _______
Mucus; expectorate; feces; blood
Horses can become infected with EHV through contact with ________ and ______, and __________ or ________ of infected material
Humans; 4-leggeds; inhalation; ingestion
Aborted _______ membranes, _________ fluid, and the _________ all contain the EHV virus
Fetal; placental; dead fetus
The EHV virus lives approximately __________ without an infective agent, but a horse can be infectious for ________ after _________.
2 weeks; 3 weeks; symptoms resolve
The EHV incubation period is ______ to _______ days
2 - 10
An EHV fever is generally high between _____ and _____ °F, and lasts _____ to _____ days after onset of symptoms.
102-107°F; 2-7
EHV nasal discharge starts out ______ but progressively gets __________
Thin and clear; thick and milky
Clear nasal discharge is sign of _________, yellow/cloudy/green is a sign of ________, and the color ________ is a sign of a _______ infection
Allergies, dust, or early infection; infection taking hold; orange; fungal
EHV symptoms include _______, _______ heard in the breathing, swelling of the _______, loss of _______, extreme _______, and finally a ___________ state.
Coughing; congestion; eyelids; appetite; lethargy; coma-like
EHV may cause ______ and _______ which will last for _______ weeks. Signs will increase with __________.
Coughing; nasal discharge; 1-3 weeks; vigorous exercise;
EHV can occur in __________ month intervals, though symptoms will _______ in severity. Foals with EHV may develop _______.
4-5; decrease; secondary pneumonia
EHV can cause “___________”, which can occur with no warning and often happen in the ______ trimester. This can occur __________ after young horses have been sick
Abortion storms; last; several weeks to several months
EHV treatment includes…
- isolate
- rest
- anti-inflammatory medication (NSAIDS, banamine)
- antibiotics to treat secondary infections
