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History- Italy > Influential people for unification > Flashcards

Influential people for unification Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the Risorgimento?

A

Ideological and literary movement that believed unification should come from the Italian people themselves. They helped raise nationalist ideas to the Italians.

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2
Q

Who was Mazzini?

A

Leader of Young Italy who believed there should be a union of all Italian provinces.

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3
Q

What were Mazzini’s beliefs?

A 
Principle of democracy 
Anti-imperialist 
Republican-was willing to accept a constitutional monarch
Equal society
End to poverty
Fair taxation 
Compulsory education.
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4
Q

When did Mazzini create Young Italy?

A

1831

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5
Q

How many followers did Young Italy have?

A

5000

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6
Q

What did Young Italy attempt to do in 1834?

A

Invade Savoy but failed due to an incompetent general.

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7
Q

What did Young Italy attempt to do in 1833?

A

Attempted to start a mutiny in the Piedmontese army but it was crushed by Charles Albert.

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8
Q

What were some of Mazzini’s successes?

A

Nobody campaigned as long as hard as he did.
Propaganda- made nationalism much more talked about, wrote thousands of letters .
Young Italy- influential for young people to grow up into dedicated nationalists.

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9
Q

What were some of Mazzini’s failures?

A

Attitude stopped France supporting Italy
Too intellectual for the masses- 90% peasants didn’t understand him
Knew very little about peasants- still a huge social and economic divide.

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10
Q

What did Balbo believe?

A

Piedmont should lead other Italian states against the Austrians

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11
Q

What did Gioberti believe?

A

Believed in Neo Gulpheiesm, that the Catholic Church should head a national revival.

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12
Q

Massmo D’azeglio?

A

Believed that the only possible leader to unite Italy was Charles Albert

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13
Q

Who was Victor Emmanuel II?

A

Son of Charles Albert and King of Piedmont

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14
Q

True of False:

‘Victor Emmanuel was a member of the Austrian Imperial Family’

A

True

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15
Q

What did Victor Emmanuel allow to continue in Piedmont?

A

Statuto

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16
Q

What was one of Victor Emanuel’s first actions?

A

Shell Genoa where the radicals were

17
Q

True of False:

Victor Emmanuel was anti conservative’

A

True

18
Q

What did Cavour and Ratazzi create?

A

The connubio in 1852.

Strengthened parliament against the crown.

19
Q

What roles was Cavour appointed in January 1855?

A

Prime Minister, Finance minister and Foreign minister

20
Q

What else did Cavour do?

A

Increased commercial and industrial growth
Created Trade Agreements with France, Belgium and Britain
Increased the development of the infrastructure

21
Q

What was the National Society?

A

Created in the 1850’s by Italian’s living in Piedmont.

Promoted Italian Unification.

22
Q

How many members did the National Society have by 1857?

A

8000

23
Q

What did Napoleon do in Rome in the 1848?

A

Crushed the republic that nationalists built

24
Q

What was Garibaldi’s practical contribution to unification?

A

Effective military commander
Fought with volunteers on the Alpine Front against Austria in 1859
Inspired popular support

25
Q

How many monastries and benefices did Cavour shut down?

A

152 monastries

1700 benefices

26
Q

What was the result of Cavour shutting down monastries and benefices?

A

£145,640 to economy.

27
Q

How did Garibaldi conquer Sicily?

A

Appointed chief assistant who was a sicilian who lived in the mafia and knew how the people worked.
Used propaganda to get support from the peasants
Turned against the Upper Class to get support from the peasants
Turned against the peasants to get support from the upper class
Became the dictator of Sicily

28
Q

How did Garibaldi conquer Naples?

A

Had foreign support from Britain as they allowed him to cross.
Many people began turning against the monarchy which Garibaldi used to his advantage
Military successes
Nationalist enthusiasm

29
Q

What were the problems that the Kingdom of Italy faced after Garibaldi’s conquest of the South?

A 
Forced Unification in 1860- Italy wasn't ready for unification 
Still a huge divide between the Upper class and peasants- peasants began occupying the land of  their own. 
Garibaldi provoked a divide between the Vatican and The Kingdom of Italy.
30
Q

What were Garibaldi’s successes?

A

Geographically united Italy

31
Q

How many men was Garibaldi given command of?

A

3,000-raised tension for Austria

32
Q

What was Garibaldi’s role in the 1859 war with Austria?

A

Commander
Travelled to Varese on 23rd May and forced a counterattakc which forced the Austrians into a retreat.
Shows he was able to defeat the Austrians

33
Q

What did Garibaldi do after he conquered Sicily?

A

Abolished milling and promised land distrubition

He lost support from peasants but gained support of landlords

History- Italy (4 decks)

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