Inflammatory mediators Flashcards
What does IL-1 do?
Causes fever and acute inflammation. Activates endothelium to express adhesion molecules. Induces chemokine secretion to recruit WBCs.
What does IL-2 do?
Stimulates growth of helper, cytotoxic and regulatory T cells, as well as NK cells.
What does IL-3 do?
Supports growth and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells. Functions like GM-CSF.
What does IL-4 do?
Induces differentiation of T cells into Th2 cells. Promotes growth of B cells. Enhances class switching to IgE and IgG.
What does IL-5 do?
Promotes growth and differentiation of B cells. Enhances class switching to IgA. Stimulates growth and differentiation of eosinophils.
What does IL-6 do?
Causes fever and stimulates to production of acute phase reactants.
What does IL-8 do?
Major chemotactic factor for neutrophils.
What does IL-10 do?
Attenuates the inflammatory response. Decreases MHC class II and Th1 cytokines. Inhibits activated macrophages and dendritic cells.
What does IL-12 do?
Induces differentiation of T cells into Th1 cells. Activates NK cells.
What does TNF-a do?
Activates endothelium. Causes WBC recruitment and vascular leak.
Per UWorld it also induces and maintains granuloma formation.
What does INF-gamma do?
Stimulates macrophages to kill phagocytosed pathogens. Inhibits differentiation of Th2 cells.
Which cytokines are secreted by macrophages?
IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, TNF-alpha
Which cytokines are secreted by all T cells?
IL-2, IL-3
Which cytokines are secreted by Th2 cells?
IL-4, IL-5, IL-10
What secretes INF-gamma? In response to what?
Secreted by NK and Th1 cells in response to antigen or IL-12 from macrophages.
Which cytokines occur at supraphysiologic levels to produce the shock seen in toxic shock syndrome?
The elevated release of IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α mediates many of the clinical manifestations of shock.
What does LTB4 do?
Neutrophil chemotaxis and activation
What do LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4 do?
They’re involved in vasoconstriction, bronchospasm, and increased vascular permeability
What does PGI2 do?
Vasodilation and inhibits platelet aggregation
What does TXA2 do?
Vasoconstriction and promotes platelet aggregation.
What does bradykinin do?
Vasodilation, mediates pain, increases vascular permeability and stimulates smooth muscle contraction
