Inflammatory Disease of Lymph Nodes Flashcards
Where do all lymphoid cells originate?
In the Bone Marrow
What type of cells are found in the Superficial cortex/ Cortical Area?
Predominantly B cells - Humoral immunity:
antibody-mediated
response
Fill in the blanks. “ Primary follicles
become secondary
follicles when
stimulated by ___________.”
Antigens
Lymphoid follicles with
their germinal centres are found in which are of the lymph node?
Superficial cortex/ Cortical Area
What type of cells are found in the Deep Cortex / Paracortical Area?
- Predominantly T-cells
*Postcapillary venules and
interdigitating cells
What is the name given to the site of lymphocytic migration from the blood into lymphocytic tissue?
Post-capillary Venules
What is the main site of Plasma Cell proliferation, differentiation and production of antibodies?
Medulla / Medullary Area
What type of cells are found in the Medulla/ Medullary Area?
- Lymphocytes
- Plasmacytoid
lymphocytes - Plasmablasts and
mature plasma cells in varying proportions
What type of cells are found in the Sinuses of lymph nodes?
Active macrophages & Histicoytes
What is the function of the sinuses of lymph nodes?
Transport lymph fluid from the
afferent lymphatics through the
lymphoid parenchyma into the
efferent lymphatics in the lymph
node hilus.
What is the main route for incoming lymphocytes?
Blood Vessels
What is lymphadenopathy?
Disease or swelling of the
lymph nodes.
What are the causes of lymphadenopathy?
- M- alignancy
- I - nfection
- A - utoimmune
- M - iscellaneous
- I - atrogenic
What are the causes of Follicular Hyperplasia?
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Syphilis
- Toxoplasmosis
- HIV infection
- Castleman disease
(giant lymph node hyperplasia)
What are the types of HIV - Associated Lymphadenopathy?
- Explosive Follicular Hyperplasia(Pattern A- Acute)
- Mixed (Pattern B- Chronic)
- Follicular Involution
(Pattern C- Burned-out pattern; Lymphocyte Depletion)
What are the characteristic features of Explosive follicular Hyperplasia - HIV Lymphadenitis?
*Early changes – Explosive follicular hyperplasia.
- Serpentine/ dumbbell-shaped
- Contains tingible-body macrophages, plasma cells
What type of cells are proliferated in Castleman Disease?
B - Cells
True or False?Castleman Disease is a Malignant lympoproliferative disorder.
FALSE!!! It is a non-malignant lymphoproliferative disorder
What are the three histological subtypes of Castleman disease?
- Hyaline vascular - localized, mediastinal, self- limiting
- Plasma cell - Generalized, systemic symptoms (fever,
increased ESR & gamma- globulins, anaemia. - Mixed Hyaline vascular and Plasma Cell.
What are the causes of Diffuse/ Paracortical Hyperplasia?
- Postvaccinial lymphadenitis
- Infectious mononucleosis
- Herpes zoster lymphadenitis
- Cytomegalovirus lymphadenitis
- Dilantin hypersensitivity
What are the clinical features associated with Postvaccinial lymphadenitis?
- Increased immunoblasts– mottled appearance
- Vascular proliferation
- Sinusoidal congestion
- Plasma cells, eosinophils, mast cells
Infectious Mononucleosis is caused by what virus?
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
What type of cells are found in Infectious Mononucleosis?
- Transformed cells (atypical lymphocytes)
- Peripheral blood
- Lymph node
- Reed-Sternberg-like giant cells
What are the drug interactions associated with Inflammatory diseases of the Lymph nodes?
- Phenytoin (Dilantin)
- Allopurinol
- Atenolol
- Penicillin (antibiotics)
- Gold
What is the name given to Sinus histiocytosis with massive
lymphadenopathy (SHML)?
Rosai-Dorfman disease
Which pathology is associated with a ‘ ‘Bull neck ‘appearance?
Sinus histiocytosis with massive
lymphadenopathy (SHML) - Rosai-Dorfman disease
True or False? Sinus histiocytosis with massive
lymphadenopathy (SHML) - Rosai-Dorfman disease is self limiting and associated with Increased Gamma - Globulins.
TRUE!!
What are the histological features of Rosai-Dorfman disease?
- Sinusoidal distention with histiocytes
- Histiocytic engulfment of lymphocytes
(Emperipolesis) - Medullary plasma cell infiltration
- Capsular fibrosis
What are the different types of Mixed (combination) Hyperplasia?
- Toxoplasmosis lymphadenitis
- Dermatopathic lymphadenitis
- Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis
(Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease) - SLE
- Granulomatous lymphadenitis
- Necrotizing – Cat scratch, LGV, Yersinia
- Non-necrotizing – Sarcoidosis
- Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome
(Kawasaki disease)
What is the definitive host for Toxoplasma gondii?
Cats or other warm-blooded animals.
What is the characteristic triad of Toxoplasmosis lymphadenitis?
- Reactive
follicular
hyperplasia. - Monocytoid B
cell reaction (pale-
staining areas
around follicles). - Epithelioid
histiocytic
aggregates
