Inflammatory bowel disease Flashcards
What are the two types of inflammatory bowel disease?
1) ulcerative colitis
2) Crohn’s disease
Give 5 general symptoms associated with IBD:
1) rectal bleeding
2) diarrhoea
3) abdominal pain
4) weight loss
5) fatigue
Name 5 distinguishing features of Crohn’s disease?
- No blood or mucus in stool
- Mouth-anus inflammation including mouth ulcers
- Discontinuous inflammation
- Transmural inflammation (Transmural inflammation is a condition where the inflammation affects all layers of the bowel wall. This can lead to complications such as fibrosis, obstruction, perforations, fistulae, lymphedema, and mesenteric fat)
- Smoking is a risk factor
Mouth ulcers indicate which type of IBD?
Crohn’s disease
Continuous inflammation indicates which type of IBD?
Ulcerative colitis
Transmural inflammation indicates which type of IBD?
Crohn’s disease
Severe rectal bleeding indicates which type of IBD?
Ulcerative colitis
Inflammation in just the colon and rectum indicates which type of IBD?
UC
True or false: Crohn’s disease is associated with strictures and fistulas
true
Which region of the GI tract is most affected by Crohn’s?
terminal ileum
Give 5 distinguishing features of ulcerative colitis:
1) continuous inflammation
2) inflammation limited to the colon and rectum
3) superficial mucosal inflammation
4) smoking may be protective against UC
5) rectal bleeding
Presentation alongside primary sclerosing cholangitis indicates which type of IBD?
ulcerative colitis
What is crohn’s mean age of onset?
26
Can also present in children
What is UC mean age of onset?
34
What is the chance of surgery being required in Crohn’s disease?
50-80%
What is the chance of surgery being required in UC disease?
20%
What are common complications of Crohn’s disease?
Fistula, abscess, stricture. Most commonly the fistulae come from the anus to the peri-anal region and then produce pus
What are the complications of UC?
Rare
Toxic megacolon
What are protective factors for crohn’s disease?
- High residue
- Low sugar diet
What are protective factors for UC?
Smoking, appendicectomy, high reside low sugar diet