inflammation keywords

Question 1

Vital Reaction

Answer 1

the body’s immediate response to injury or infection, characterized by changes such as redness, swelling, heat, and pain.

Question 2

Acute Inflammation

Answer 2

A rapid and short-lived response to tissue injury or infection, aimed at removing harmful stimuli and initiating the healing process.

Question 3

Chronic Inflammation

Answer 3

A prolonged and persistent inflammatory response, often lasting weeks, months, or even years, which can lead to tissue damage and dysfunction.

Question 4

Cardinal Signs of Inflammation

Answer 4

The classic signs of inflammation, including redness, swelling, heat, pain, and loss of function.

Question 5

Hyperemia

Answer 5

Increased blood flow to an area, leading to redness and warmth, often seen during inflammation.

Question 6

Humoral Response

Answer 6

The immune response involving the production of antibodies by B cells and the activity of various soluble proteins in the blood.

Question 7

Cellular Response

Answer 7

The immune response involving the activation and recruitment of immune cells, such as neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes, to the site of injury or infection.

Question 8

Rouleaux Formation

Answer 8

The stacking of red blood cells like coins, which can occur in inflammatory conditions due to changes in blood proteins.

Question 9

Margination

Answer 9

The process by which white blood cells adhere to the walls of blood vessels and begin to move toward the site of inflammation.

Question 10

Diapedesis

Answer 10

The passage of white blood cells through the walls of blood vessels and into the surrounding tissues during inflammation.

Question 11

Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils

Answer 11

A type of white blood cell that plays a key role in the early stages of inflammation, particularly in combating bacterial infections.

Question 12

Endothelial Cells

Answer 12

Cells that line the inner surface of blood vessels and play a crucial role in regulating inflammation and immune responses.

Question 13

Platelets

Answer 13

Small cell fragments in the blood that help with clotting to stop bleeding and also play a role in inflammation.

Question 14

Histamine

Answer 14

A substance released by mast cells and other immune cells during inflammation, which causes blood vessels to dilate and become more permeable.

Question 15

Mast Cells

Answer 15

Cells found in connective tissue that release histamine and other inflammatory mediators in response to injury or infection.

Question 16

Bradykinin

Answer 16

A substance that promotes inflammation, pain, and vasodilation, released during the activation of the kinin system.

Question 17

Hageman Factor

Answer 17

Also known as factor XII, a protein involved in the coagulation cascade and the activation of the kinin system during inflammation.

Question 18

Fibrin

Answer 18

A protein formed during blood clotting that helps to stabilize the clot and promote wound healing.

Question 19

Plasmin

Answer 19

An enzyme that breaks down fibrin and dissolves blood clots, playing a role in the resolution of inflammation.

Question 20

Chemotaxis

Answer 20

The process by which immune cells are attracted to the site of inflammation by chemical signals.

Question 21

Complement System

Answer 21

A group of proteins in the blood that enhance the immune response by promoting inflammation, opsonization, and cell lysis.

Question 22

Classical Pathway

Answer 22

One of the pathways of complement activation, initiated by antigen-antibody complexes.

Question 23

Alternative Pathway

Answer 23

Another pathway of complement activation, which can be triggered by microbial surfaces.

Question 24

Lectin Pathway

Answer 24

A pathway of complement activation initiated by the binding of lectins to microbial carbohydrates.

Question 25

Membrane Attack Complex

Answer 25

A complex of complement proteins that forms pores in the membranes of target cells, leading to cell lysis.