Inflammation Flashcards
what are thin bands of collagenous connective tissue which may restrict motion or cause retraction to an abnormal position of internal organs
adhesion
shrinking of the nucleus
nuclear pyknosis
when the nucleus and chromatin are “broken into pieces”
karyorrhexis
when the nucleus disappears (being autodigested by cellular enzymes)
karyolysis
what type of cellular injury is reversible
cellular and organelle swelling
what is the most common and least common outcomes of inflammation
complete resolution is the most common
scar formation and partial or complete loss of function is less common (ulcer, fistula, peritonitis, abscesses)
the following list is an example of primary or secondary intetion wound healing:
- clear surgical wounds
- close wound margins
- injured tissues composed of labile cells (epithelium)
- accomplished through the process of granulation
primary intention
the following list is an example of primary or secondary intetion wound healing:
- crashed extensive wounds
- tissues, composed of permanent cells
- risk factors for poor healing
- produces scar/adhesion
- leads to deformity
secondary intention
*the mesh produced by fibroblasts cannot be filled with the same type of cells that were there before, so the area has to heal with a scar
What kind of cells recreuit stem cells in the area to perform restoration?
What kind of cells can restore completely on their own?
What kind of cells do not have stem cells to regenerate themselves so restoration takes place via fibroplasia/scaring
stable cells
labile cells
permanent cells
when do we see an increase in PMNs or neutrophilia
during acute bacterial infections or acute necrosis
what is the term for when RBC’s stack together in long chains causing them to sediment more readily? Why does this happen? What is ESR?
this concept is known as rouleaux formation and the rate in which it happens is called ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate).
The mechanism for the sedimentation rate, increases non-specifically with inflammation and increased acute phase serum proteins.
when do we often see an increase in eosinophils and basophils?
during allergic reactions and with parasitic infestations
monocytes can migrate out of the bloodstream and become tissue macrophages under the influence of ______
cytokines
if we see neutrophils in the blood, it is _____; if we see monocytes and lymphocytes in the blood, it is _____
acute; chronic
what are the two major types of chronic inflammation
- interstitial/diffuse: asthma, COPD, colitis
- granulomatous: TB, Crohn’s disease
what are non-specific markers of inflammation
CRP (C-Reactive Protein)
Fibrin - increased ESR
