Inflammation Flashcards
5 cardinal signs of inflammation
Swelling/edema
Redness/erythema
Heat
Pain
Loss of function
What is the patho for acute inflammation?
Vascular:
Vasodilation- heat & redness
Increased vasc. permeability- edema, pain, loss of function
Cellular:
Cells come, then phagocytosis of neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages
What is the different patho for chronic inflammation?
Instead of sending neutrophils, only macrophages & lymphocytes come.
Many fibroblasts (make scar tissue) instead of exudates (make pus).
What cells are involved in inflammation, and what do they do?
Platelets: release mediators that increase vasc. permeability.
Neutrophils: first cell, primary phagocyte
Monocytes/macrophages
Eosinophils: allergies & parasites
Basophils: release histamine
Many/little neutrophils is called what?
Neutrophillia/Leukocytosis
Neutropenia/Leukoctyopenia
What are baby/immature neutrophils called? What are they a sign of?
Bands
Sign of overwhelming infection
What does histamine do?
Increases vasodilation and vascular permeability (good!)
Released for allergic responses
What does a high WBC indicate?
Means inflammation.
Could be infectious or non-infectious
Exudate types
Serius
Serosanguinos
Hemorrhagic
Fibrinous/membranous
Purulent: infection: pus, yellow/green
Additional signs of systemic inflammation
Fever
Fatigue/malaise
Anorexia
Aching
Weakness
High WBC
Low perfusion
Whixh is a stonger priority: microbial vs physical inflammation?
Microbial inflammation
What are 5 types of inflammation?
Microbial
Allergic
Physical
Metabolic
Autoimmune
Labs for inflammation
1st CBC w/diff
CRP, ESR
Creatinine (kidney damage)
Uric acid (could show altered ph)
2 types of anti-inflammatory drugs
Steroids
NSAIDs
Physical inflammation tx
RICE
Immobilization devices
Meds
