Inflammatio 2 Flashcards
how do neutrophils kill what they phagocytose?
form activated oxygen molecules. enzymatic mechanisms (lysosomes/proteases)
3 most important protein and polypeptide mediators of acute inflammatory response
bradykinin. C3a and C5a (complement factors). thrombin.
chronic inflammation occurs in 3 specific situations
persistent stimulus. persistent autoimmune diseases. viral infections.
4 ways chronic inflammation is different from acute
longer to develop (days/months vs. minutes/hours). more likely to involve specific recognition. cell infiltrate mostly lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes. more likely to be a permanent change in tissue arhitecture
most important players in chronic inflammation
mononuclear phagocytes: derived from bone marrow monocytes –> then called macrophages when mature
3 ways mononuclear phagocytes are different from neutrophils
longer life span in tissue. improtant sources of cytokines. can present antigen to MHC Class II restricted cells like CD4 helper T cells
granuloma
localized collection of mononuclear phagocytes
granuloma: what do they look like?
visible in tissue sections as balls of pink-staining cells which have a lot of cytoplasm
chronic inflammation is usually accompanied by
tissue repair activity: new blood vessel growth, fibrosis aka scarring