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infestations trigger Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

lifespan of a louse

A

14-18 days

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2
Q

yellow, greasy and easy to remove

A

seborrheic dermatitis

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3
Q

what suggests an infestation of pediculosis capitis

A

pyoderma + occipital/cervical LAD

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4
Q

these are oval and tenacious and stay stuck to the hair shaft. not easily removed

A

nits for pediculosis capitis

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5
Q

what will microscopy show in a lice/nit infestation

A

oblong structures attached to hair at an acute angle with breathing apparatus at its superior end

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6
Q

what fluoresces under the woods lamp

A

nits

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7
Q

when is petrolatum used

A

eyelid involvement of pediculosis capitis

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8
Q

what is the name for louse that live in clothing

A

humanus corporis

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9
Q

pt presenting with pruritus of the skin. blue/gray macules and papules are found in armpits, between thighs, buttocks and in the creases of elbows and knees. what is the diagnosis and treatment

A

dx: pediculosis corporis
tx: treat clothing and fomites with extreme heat (washer or iron) or put in bag x 2 weeks. if SEVERE 5% permethrin cream or lotion head-toe for 8-14 hours

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10
Q

pt presents with widespread melanoderma that is worse in the creases of the elbows and knees, armpits and under his abdominal skin folds. He reports he has had repeated problems with macule/papule formation for 7 years. what is the diagnosis and treatment

A

dx: vagabond disease (body louse occuring for years)
tx: def severe so 5% permethrin cream or lotion head-toe for 8-14 hours

also hot water/iron all clothes/linens or put all things in bag x 2 weeks

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11
Q

how do you confirm pediculosis corporis? what may help with this diagnosis?

A

look in the clothes! use a woods lamp because they fluoresce yellow/green

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12
Q

typhus, relapsing fever and trench fever are all diseases that can be caused by what

A

Pediculus humanus corporis.

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13
Q

when do we use 5% permethrin cream vs 1% permethrin

A

1% - pediculosis capitis, pediculosis pubis
5% - pediculosis corporis (can use for capitis but its off label), scabies

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14
Q

can dogs/cats spread pediculosis pubis

A

noooooo

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15
Q

these louse adhere themselves to the terminal hair shaft with chitin

A

pediculosis pubis (phthirus pubis)

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16
Q

fibrous substance consisting of polysaccharides and forming major constituent in the exoskeleton of arthropods

A

chitin

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17
Q

in pediculosis pubis, how would you tell the difference between an empty nit shell and a nit with a nymph in it.

A

nymph present - brown and full in shape
empty nit - translucent and flat.

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18
Q

A patient presents with pruritus and erythema to her pubic area. She reports she has been noticing small amounts of bleeding on her underwear and on exam you find mild inguinal lymph node swelling. what diagnostics should be used? what is the treatment?

A

diagnostic: clinical PE, woods lamp, dermatoscopy.
tx: permethrin 1%, mousse containing pyrethrins!

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19
Q

this is a neurotoxin that results in repsiratory paralysis of a parasite.

A

permethrin

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20
Q

this is a neurotoxin/synergistic combo drug

A

pyrethrin/piperonyl butoxide

21
Q

this canNOT be used with an allergy to ragweed or in children <2 y/o

A

pyrethrin/piperonyl butoxide

22
Q

this medication is used for head lice and is flammable. it is CI in children under 6!

A

malathion

23
Q

what are all the neurotoxic medications

A

permethrin
pyrethrin
malathion
lindane

24
Q

this medication causes neurotoxicity, inducing seizures and death.

A

lindane

25
Q

this has a BBW for neurotoxicity and cant be used in children, elderly, or people who are really light weight

A

lindane

26
Q

Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis is known for what disease

A

scabies

27
Q

what layer of skin do mites burrow into for scabies

A

into the stratum corneum of the epidermis

28
Q

a pt presents with itching in her elbow that has now become a rash. She said a friend of hers had a simliar rash about 2-6 weeks ago. At first it didnt bother her, but now the itching is worse at night and she is having trouble sleeping. on exam, what type of rash pattern will you see? what is the diagnosis and treatment?

A

rash pattern: fine, thread like line w tiny black speck at the end
dx: scabies
tx: permethrin 5%. treat all close physical contacts! lindane last resort. can also use oral ivermectin 2nd line.

29
Q

if a woman has a itchy/papular rash on her areola what is a top dx on your ddx list?

A

scabies

30
Q

if there are itchy papules on the scrotum and penis what dx should be top on your ddx list

A

scabies

31
Q

a dermoscopy showing jetliner with a trail is suggestive of what diagnosis

A

scabies

32
Q

a prisoner presents with crusted scabies. thousands to millions of mites are on him (DISGUSTING). what is the treatment

A

Topical Permethrin 5% overnight
+
Oral ivermectin x5 dosing (sometimes x7)

33
Q

what diagnostics should you run for a suspected case of crusted scabies

A

scabies prep
KOH

34
Q

what medication should you avoid using for treatment of crusted scabies

A

lindane (crust increases risk of neurotoxicity)

35
Q

what type of venom does a black widow spider have?

A

alpha-latrotoxin (neurotoxic venom)

36
Q

what is the result of neurotoxic spider venom

A

systemic symptoms relating to cholinergic and catecholamine excess!

37
Q

which spider is from the loxosceles genus

A

recluse spiders

38
Q

a bite with pain, swelling, bullae and ischemia developing minutes/hours later

A

recluse bites

39
Q

a bite with clear fang marks and a halo around it

A

black widow

40
Q

can lead to DIC (clumpy blood)

A

brown recluse bites

41
Q

violin shaped figure on dorsal head and thorax

A

brown recluse

42
Q

tegenaria agrestis

A

funnel-web spider

43
Q

neurotoxic venom capable of produucing severe pain at bite and systemic symptoms that can be fatal within minutes

A

funnel-web spiders

44
Q

theraphosphidae

A

tarantulas

45
Q

these spiders have a painless bit but you can be allergic to their hair haha

A

tarantulas

46
Q

if there is systemic involvement after this spider bite, you should check for evidence of hemolysis.

what spider and what labs?

A

brown recluse

hemoglobin and plasma free haptoglobin

47
Q

what prophylactic treatment is sometimes indicated in venomous spider biets

A

tetanus
antivenom

48
Q

yayyyyy youre done.

A

maybe rhys was hiding from a spider in this pic idk.

derm (16 decks)

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