Infections Flashcards
regional LAN with scattered, discrete lesions. They are painful, tender and have crust on them
non-bullous impetigo
dark brown bullae with a negative nikolsky sign
bullous impetigo
For MRSA use doxy. If critically ill and with MRSA use Vanco or linezolid
impetigo
systemic treatment for this includes dicloxacillin, augmentin and keflex.
what would you do for a PCN allergy in this disease?
impetigo
PCN allergy = macrolide
For MSSA use Keflex, for MRSA use Doxy or Bactrim
folliculitis
Acute, deep seated, red, hot, tender nodule or abscess
furuncle
Nodule with cavitation after drainage in any hair bearing region
furuncle
treat with bactrim, doxy or clinda and a warm compress
furuncle (ABX only if red/hot/tender)
also for carbuncles!
Deeper connection of interconnected furuncles
Carbuncle
MC found on the nape of the neck, back and thighs
carbuncle
for a carbuncle that is rapidly growing and has toxic s/s what is the treatment
admission with vancomycin
Rapid progression of infection with extensive necrosis of soft tissues and overlying skin
necrotizing fasciitis
caused by GABHS, pseudomonas, and clostridium
necrotizing fasciitis
malnutrition, DM, ETOH abuse, Liver dx, CKD are all risk factors for what?
necrotizing fasciitis
presents with cyanosis, muscle weakness, skin pallor and hyperesthesia as well as foul smelling exudates and pain out of proportion to exam
necrotizing fasciitis
remember this can also have vescicles, bullae, or eschar!!
a rapidly progressing wound that can be erythematous with pallor and gas crepitus.
necrotizing fasciitis
clinda, carbapenems, unasyn, and vanc for MRSA is used for what?
necrotizing fasciitis.
depends on culture and gram stain!
Acute, superficial infection of the dermis and dermal lymphatic vessels
erysipelas
if a patient has an indwelling device and is being treated for an abscessed folliculitis what type of therapy must they undergo
abx therapy
MC in young children or older adults. Usually d/t GABHS
erysipelas
pt presents with a prodrome of fever and chills. On her arm is multiple lesions that are painful and hot to the touch. they are described as edematous plaques with sharp borders. She believes it originated from a small bite from her cat. what is the treatment for this patient?
erysipelas secondary to cat bite: treat with augmentin
Acute infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue
cellulitis
pasteurella multocida is associated with which disease and what exposure?
cellulitis in exposure for cats/dogs
which disease is aeromonas associated with and what exposure is it related to
cellulitis and freshwater exposure.
A patient presents and she has a prodrome of fever/chills. she reports an erythematous area on her leg which on is painful, hot to the touch and has indistinct borders. What is the diagnosis? if they got admitted, what would IV management be in this patient?
cellulitis
MRSA: vanco 1st, dapto 2nd
MSSA: cefazolin, clinda, nafcillin
PVD, tinea pedis, and lymphatic drainage are all risks for what disease
cellulitis
also anything that breaks the skin like IVDU, piercings, bites, ect (and immunocomp)
MRSA: vanco 1st, dapto 2nd
MSSA: cefazolin, clinda, nafcillin
inpatient IV management for cellulitis/erysipelas
MRSA: clinda 1st, amox + bactrim or doxy
what is this for and what would the treatment be for MSSA?
oral management for cellulitis/erysipelas
MSSA: keflex, nafcilin, clinda
what is eikenella and how do we treat it
bacteria found often with human bites (ew). we can treat it with augmentin!
if im fishing w my dad in a texas river and get a small cut but decide to clean it out w the water and develope cellulitis what ABX would you treat me with
cipro
(take a “cip” of freshwater - viv)
if i go scuba diving at the beach and cut myself and wash it out with water from the beach and develop cellulitis what would you treat me with
doxy!
salt at the dock(xy)
etiologies include GAS, staph and HSV!
also mycobacterium marinum
lymphangitis
Dicloxacillin or 1st gen cephalo (keflex)
MRSA: clinda or bactrim
lymphangitis
steroid or antibiotic use as well as hyperhidrosis are risk factors for what
cutaneous candidiasis
satellite lesions that are macerated and pruritic
cutaneous candidiasis
if a patient has mild folliculitis what is the treatment?
warm compresses with a BPO wash.
ABX only indicated for moderate-severe folliculitis!
Inflammation of the Glans penis
balanitis
Unique group of fungi capable of infecting non-viable keratinized cutaneous structures (stratum corneum, nails, hair)
dermatophyte
MC dermatophyte
trichophyton
when do you use a woods lamp and what would it show? what would a KOH prep show in this scenario?
for dermatophyte testing, it would show microsporum
KOH = hyphae and spores
when do you use topical allylamines and what are the topical allylamines
tx of tineas and systemic tx of dermatophytes
naftifine and terbinafine
an infection outside of the hair shaft that leaves a gray patch with a scaly appearance
ectothrix
an infection within the hair shaft that leaves a black dot appearance
endothrix
alopecia with scaling and pruiritis. adenopathy is present.
non-inflammatory tinea capitis
alopecia that is painful and tender is likely what dianosis
inflammatory tinea capitis
what is the MCC of endothrix
T tonsurans or violaceum
a large mass on a patients head with boddy, purulent inflamed nodules and plaques.
what is this and what is the MCC
kerion.
T verrucosum and mengatophytes
Perifollicular erythema and matting of hair that is malodours and leaves scarring
favus
can treat with PO terbinafine or griseofulvin
tinea capitis
along with ketoconazole shampoo
Large scaling, well-demarcated plaques, Central clearing, Papules/pustules at margins. found in inguinal folds and thighs. what is this and how do you treat it
tinea cruris (jock itch)
tx with topical ketoconazole or econazole. if that fails use PO griseofulvin.
if ring worm is very large or if it fails topical treatment, what is the next step in treatment and how long do you treat it
terbinafine orally for 4 weeks
where is interdigital tinea pedis MC
between 4th and 5th toe
Extension of interdigital tinea pedis onto plantar and lateral foot, presenting with a secondary bacterial infection
ulcerative tinea pedis
which tinea is NOT a dermatophyte infection
tinea versicolor
KOH showing Hyphae and budding yeast spaghetti and meatballs
tinea versicolor
tx with selenium sulfide or zinc pyrithion and ketoconasole
tinea versicolor
do you need a nap now?
so does rhys
