Infertility Flashcards
Define infertility
Inability of a couple to achieve conception after one year of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse
Above 30 years, Females may be investigated after how many months of adequate unprotected sexual intercourse
6 months
What is adequate intercourse?
Minimum of 3 sexual episodes in a week each 1 to 2 days apart
It is estimated that how many percent of couples have difficulty
20%
Infertility can be classified into
Primary infertility
Secondary infertility
The aetiology of infertility may be grouped into
Male factors
Female factors
Female factor infertility can be divided into
Hormonal factors
Ovulation factor
Tubal factors
Uterine factors
Cervical factors
What conditions may alter the pulsatile release of GnRH from the hypothalamus
Stress, emotional disturbances, weight changes, thyroid dysfunction and medication
What can lead to tubal blockage
Pelvic infections from PID,
Appendicitis and pelvic surgeries can alter motility or cause peritoneal adhesions
What can affect the implantation of fertilized egg into the endometrium(Uterine factors)
Factors causing endometritis (Infection, IUCD)
Submucous fibroids
Cervical factors of infertility may be due to
Conditions that increase or decrease cervical mucus
What are factors that may decrease cervical mucus
Increasing Age
Medications(Anti-histamine)
Dehydration
Smoking
Stress
What are factors that increase cervical mucus
Sexual arousal
Pregnancy
Infection
Medication (Clomiphene)
PCOS & thyroid hormone imbalance
What are factors that increase cervical mucus
Sexual arousal
Pregnancy
Infection
Medication (Clomiphene)
PCOS & thyroid hormone imbalance
Male factor infertility can be attributed to two things and they are
Conditions that affect erection (ED)
Conditions that affect spermatogenesis
