Inferential testing (Research Methods)

Question 1

Significance level most often used in Psychology

Answer 1

P<0.05

Question 2

Determination that the results are significantly strong to reject the null hypothesis

Answer 2

Significance

Question 3

The likelihood that certain events will occur

Answer 3

Probability

Question 4

The value a test statistic must reach in order to consider the result significant

Answer 4

Critical value

Question 5

The value of a statistic that is calculated for a particular data set (outcome of the stats test)

Answer 5

Calculated value

Question 6

(False-positive) occurs if an investigator falsely rejects a null hypothesis that is actually true in the population

Answer 6

Type I error

Question 7

(False-negative) occurs if an investigator fails to reject a null hypothesis that is actually false in the population

Answer 7

Type II error

Question 8

Decreasing the probability of a type I error increases…

Answer 8

the probability of a type II error

Question 9

How to decrease the likelihood of a Type I error

Answer 9

Use a smaller significance level (P<0.01)

Question 10

How to decrease the likelihood of a Type II error

Answer 10

Increase the sample size in the study

Question 11

Choose the test: Difference, nominal data, Independent Measures

Answer 11

Chi Squared (x2)

Question 12

Choose the test: Difference, at least ordinal data, independent measures

Answer 12

Mann Whitney U (U)

Question 13

Choose the test: difference, interval/ratio data that is normally distributed, Independent measures design

Answer 13

Unrelated t-test (R)

Question 14

Choose the test: difference, nominal data, repeated measures

Answer 14

Sign test (S)

Question 15

Choose the test: difference, at least ordinal data, repeated measures design

Answer 15

Wilcoxon t test (T)

Question 16

Choose the test: difference, internal/ration data that is normally distributed, repeated measures deign

Answer 16

Related t-test (R)

Question 17

Choose the test: Correlation, nominal data

Answer 17

Chi Squared (x2)

Question 18

Choose the test: correlation, at least ordinal data

Answer 18

Spearman’s Rho (Rs)

Question 19

Choose the test: Correlation, interval/ratio data that is normally distributed

Answer 19

Pearson’s product moment

Question 20

Sign test: should the calculated value be greater than or less than for significance?

Answer 20

Equal to or less than

Question 21

Mann Whitney U: should the calculated value be greater than or less than for significance?

Answer 21

Equal to or less than

Question 22

Wilcoxon: should the calculated value be greater than or less than for significance?

Answer 22

Equal to or less than

Question 23

Chi Squared: should the calculated value be greater than or less than for significance?

Answer 23

Equal to or greater than

Question 24

Unrelated t test: should the calculated value be greater than or less than for significance?

Answer 24

Equal to or greater than

Question 25

Related t test: should the calculated value be greater than or less than for significance?

Answer 25

Equal to or greater than

Question 26

Spearman’s Rho: should the calculated value be greater than or less than for significance?

Answer 26

Equal to or greater than

Question 27

Pearson’s Product moment: should the calculated value be greater than or less than for significance?

Answer 27

Equal to or greater than

Question 28

Which inferential statistic do I have to calculate by hand?

Answer 28

Sign test