inferential statistics Flashcards
1
Q
Observed value
A
the number produced after applying an inferential test formula
2
Q
Critical value
A
- the value of a test statistic that must be reached to show significant e.g for the null hypothesis to be rejected
3
Q
How to find an appropriate critical value
A
- degrees of freedom
- one tailed or two tailed test
- significance level
- whether the observed value needs to be greater or less than the critical value for significance to be shown
4
Q
What does the significance level suggest?
A
-cannot be 100% certain that an observed effect was due to chance but you can state how certain you are
- psychologists use the probability of 95% — expresses the degree of uncertainty and it means there is a 5% chance of the results occurring if the null hypothesis is true e.g there is nothing going on . This is recorded as p = 0.05 where p means probability
However when researchers want to be more certain they use a more stringent probability such as p = 0.01
this chosen value of p is the significance level
