Infective Gastroenteritis Flashcards
Risk factors for severe gastroenteritis
Symptoms of gastroenteritis
Types of infections
-
Non inflammatory (enterotoxin of adherence/superficial invasion
- affects epithelial function causing massive secretion of electrolytes
- cells look normal under microscopy
-
Inflammatory disease
-
Cytotoxin
- damages cell
- Direct invasion of intestinal epithelium
-
Cytotoxin
Non inflammatory infection
organisms responsible
- vibrio cholera
- E coli
- ETEC
- EPEC
- EAEC
- Clostridium perfringes
- Bacilius cereus
- staph aureus
- giardia lamblia
- rotavirus
- norovirus
- Crptospridium species
- microsporidia
- cyclospora spp
Cytotoxin inflammatory disease
organisms
- Entamoeba histolytica
- C defficle
- shigells spp
- EHEC
Direct invaders
organisms
- Salmonella spp
- yersinia enterocolitica
- campylobacter spp
- shigella spp
- EIEC
Shigella epidemiology
not food poisoning
- Humans are only host
- feco oral therefore with dofect contact with infected person
- low infective dose (50 bacteria)
- therefore easily transmitted in corwded places like jails and institutions
- food is occasionally a vector
- toilet seats
- developed world
- young children
- S. flexinari and sonii
- developing world
- children and adults
- S. dystentriae and boydii
Shigella
clinical
Shigella
complications
- dehydration
- rf
- toxic dilaton and perforation
- HUS
- S. DYSENTERIAE
Salmonella epidemiology
typical food poisoning
non toxigenic
NON TYPHOID
Salmonella clinical presentation
Salmonella complications
- septecemia
- osteomyelitis in sickle cell pt
Camylobacter epidemiology
typically food poisoning
non toxigenic
Camylobacter
‘clinically
- Ip 2-5 days
- Severe diarrhea with blood and pus
- fever and abdominal pain
- may mimic appemdecitis
- last 5-7 days
- GBS
- reactive arthritis
Clostridium perfringes epidemiology
typical food poisoning
alpha toxin
- Anaerobic
- red meat
- ip 1-4 days
- abdominal pain
- explosive diarrhea
- self limiting
Vibrio cholerae epidmeiology
not typically food poisoning
toxigenic
- Humans are host
- water and food contaminated with bacteria
- O1 and O139 cause epidemics
V cholerae
clinical
Staph aureus epidemiology
typically food poisoning
toxigenic
enterotoxin
Staph aureus
‘clinical
Clostridium defficile epidemiology
not food poisoning
Clostridium difficile
clinical
Bacillus cereus
typically food poisoning
toxingenic
E coli
EPEC
ETEC
VTEC
- HEMORRHAGIC colitis
- HUS
- O157H57 with ground beef
- aka hemorrhagic
- sevre bloody diarrhea
- toxin similar to shigella
EIEC
- Shigella like toxin
- invasion of mucosa
- dairrhea with blood and pus
Yersenia enterocolitica
Clostridium botulinum
Vibrio parahyemplyticus
Listeria
Giardia lamblia
- worldwide
- feco oral
- water contaminated with cyst
- self limiting
- stool microscopy
- METRONIDAZOLE
Cryptosporidium parvum
- Animals and men
- cysts by direct contact with animals or infected ppl
- water contaminated
- mild diarrhea
- severe if immunocompromised
Entameba histolytica
Dysentry
