Infective Endocarditis Flashcards
Unspecific symptoms of Infective endocarditis?
Weight loss Fever Night sweats SOB Chest pain
Specific Symptoms of infective endocarditis?
Oslers nodes
Janeway lesions
Roth spots
Splinter haemorrhages
Definition of infective endocarditis?
Infection of the endocardial surface of the heart, most commonly involving the cardiac valves.
Key investigation to perform for suspected infective endocarditis?
Echocardiogram
Infective endocarditis R/Fs?
Prosthesis PMH of IE Heart transplant Valvular heart disease Long term indwelling catheters Poor dental hygiene Intravenous drug user (IVDU)
Events that lead to the development of infective endocarditis?
- Endocardial damage
- Microbes in the bloodstream (Dental cleaning, LRTI, dermatitis, catheters)
- Adherence + proliferation of microbes in the safety of a protective fibrin clot
Complications of infective endocarditis?
HF Aortic root abscess MI AKI (immune complex deposition) Vessel infarctions to important organs
Types of Echocardiogram?
Outside - Transthoracic echocrdiogram (TTE)
Inside - Transoesophageal echcardiogram (TOE)
Surgical interventions in IE?
Debridement of infected tissue
Closure of cardiac defects
Valve repair/replacement
Aortic homografts useful for aortic root abscess
Patient mortality of IE?
15-20%
Criteria for IE diagnosis?
Major:
- Positive blood culture
- Abnormal echo
- New valvular regurge
Minor:
- Fever
- R/F
Immediate management of IE?
IV antibiotics
What do you need to monitor in IE?
Kidney function
Signs of failing antibiotic treatment
Monitor PR interval
Male/Female more likely to have IE?
Male
Indications for surgery in IE?
Causing HF, Cardiogenic shock, pulmonary oedema
Uncontrolled infection
