Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Internal medicine > Infectious Diseases > Flashcards

Infectious Diseases Flashcards

0
Q

His patient who comes in with PCP pneumonia + PO2 35. What should be started along with TMP-SMX to reduce morbidity and mortality?

A

PREDNISONE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Treatment of PCP pneumonia in AIDs patient

A

TMP-SMX
-if TMPS-SMX causes rash: IV pentamidine

PCP is usually common in patients with HIV who have CD4 <200.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Empiric treatment for nosocomial infections not associated with ICU or ventilators include:

A 
Levofloxacin
Ceftriaxone
Ciprofloxacin
Ampicillin/sulbactam
Piperacillin/tazobactam
Ertapenem
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Empiric treatment for acinetobacter baumannii

A

Imipenem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

MCC of pneumonia in patients 6wks-18 years

A

RSV
Mycoplasma
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Streptococcus pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

MCC of pneumonia in patients 18-40 years

A

Mycoplasma
C. Pneumoniae
S. Pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

MCC of pneumonia in patients 40-65 years of age

A 
S. Pneumoniae
H.influenza
Anaerobes
Viruses
Mycoplasma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MCC of pneumonia in elderly

A 
S. Pneumoniae
Viruses
Anaerobes
H. Influenza
Gram positive rods
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

3 MC Atypical pneumonia

A

Mycoplasma
Legionella
Chlamydia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Diagnostic test for legionella pneumonia

A

Urine legionella antigen test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Diagnostic test for chlamydia pneumoniae

A

Serologic testing, PCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Diagnostic test for mycoplasma

A

Serum cold agglutinins

Serum mycoplasma antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

MCC of pneumonia in a patient with COPD

A

S. Pneumoniae

H. Influenza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

MCC of pneumonia in a patient with recent viral infrction

A

S. pneumonia

Staph. Aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Treat outpatient pneumonia with:

A

Macrolides (azythromycin, clsrithromycine) or doxycycline

Patients with comorbidities or recent antibiotic use:
-Fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin, moxifloxacin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Treat inpatient pneumonia with:

A

Ceftriaxone + azythromycin
Or
Fluoroquinolones alone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Treat HAP with:

A
  1. Anti pseudomonas cephalosporins
    - cefepime or ceftazidime
  2. Anti pseudomonas penicillins
    - Piperacillin/ tazobactam
  3. Cabapenems
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Treat ventilator associated pneumonia with:

A 
1 imipenem/meropenem, Piperacillin/tazobactam or cefepime/ceftazidime 
Plus
2. Gentamicin or Quinolones
Plus
4. Vancomycin or Linezolid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What should be done for patients who have negative AFS but high suspicion of TB

A

Bronchoscope with Bronchoalveolar lavage

19
Q

Side effect of Ethambutol

A

Optic neuritis

20
Q

Complications of pharyngitis

A

Rheumatic fever
Glomerulonephritis
Paritonsillsr abscess

21
Q

How does peritonsillar abscess present

A 
Odynophagia
Trismus(lockjaw)
Muffled voice
Unilateral tonsillitis enlargement
Uvula and soft pallate deviated AWAY from the affected side
22
Q

Most common organisms for sinusitis and otitis media

A

S.pneumonia
H.influenza
M. Catarrhalis

23
Q

Best initial and most accurate test for sinusitis

A

Best initial: x-Ray

Most accurate: sinus aspirated for culture

Culture is more accurate than CT and MRI

24
Q

Best initial and most accurate therapy for otitis media and sinusitis

A

Best initial: amoxicillin

Most accurate: OM- tympanic entasis and aspirate of tympanic membrane for culture

25
Q

Close contact of patients with meningococcal meningitis should receive ppx with:

A

Rifampin/ ciprofloxacin/ Ceftriaxone

26
Q

What medication should be given along with antibiotics for S. Pneumonia meningitis

A

Dexamethasone

27
Q

Empiric treatment for meningitis caused by S. Pneumonia and N. meningitis:

A

IV Vancomycin + Ceftriaxone/Cefotaxime

28
Q

Empiric therapy for meningitis caused by Listeria:

A

Ampicillin

29
Q

Most common organisms causing meningitis is 6wk-6months infants:

A

GBS
E. Coli
Listeria

30
Q

Empiric treatment for meningitis in 6wks-6months

A

Ampicillin + Cefotaxime or gentamicin

31
Q

Most common causes of meningitis in 6months-6 years:

A

S.pneumonia
N. Meningitidis
H.influenza
Enterovirus

32
Q

Most common cause of meningitis in 6years-60years:

A

N. Meningitidis
S. Pneumonia
Enterovirus
HSV

33
Q

Most common cause of meningitis >60years:

A

S. Pneumonia
Gram negative rods
Listeria
N. Meningitidis

34
Q

Infections at increased risk with CD4 >200 in an HIV + patient:

A 
Varicella
Herpes simplex
TB
oral/vaginal candida
Bacterial pneumonia
Kaposi Sarcoma
35
Q

Infection associated with CD4 <200 and PPX + Tx

A 
PCP 
PPX: TMP-SMX
- if rash: Atovaquone or dapsone (Do not use dapsone for G6PD def.)
Tx: TMP-SMX
- if rash: IV pentamidine
36
Q

Infections associated with CD4 <100 and treatment

A

Toxoplasmosis

Tx: Pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine for 2 weeks

37
Q

Infections associated with CD4 <50 and PPX + treatment

A

MAC: PPX: azithromycin Tx:Clarithromycin and ethambutal

CMV: Tx: Gancyclovir or Foscarnet
-Valacyclovir for life long therapy

Cryptococcus: Tx: Amphotericin followed by Fluconazole

38
Q

most common cause of death in patients with HIV:

A

TB

39
Q

empiric treatment for infective endocarditis

A

vancomycin + gentamicin

40
Q

when in surgery needed in infective endocarditis

A 
Valve rupture
prothetic valve
Abscess
Fungal endocarditis
Embolic events while on antibiotics
41
Q

What cardiac defects require PPX for endocarditis

A

Prothetic Valve
Unrepaired congenital heart defect
previous endocarditis
Heart transplant patients with valve disease

42
Q

Procedures that need PPX treatment

A

Dental procedures that cause bleeding : use amoxicillin or clindamycin
Respiratory tract surgery
Surgery of infected skin

43
Q

Adverse effects of amphotericin B

A

Renal toxicity
Hypopkalemia
Metabolic acidosis
Flu like symptoms

44
Q

Infectious mononuclesis: diagnosis

A

clinical: presents like strep along with splenomegaly

CBC: elevated WBC with ATYPICAL LYMPHOCYTES
Heterophil antibody (monospot test)
-if negative but suspicion is high–> EBV specific antibody test

45
Q

infectious mononucleosis: treatment

A

Supportive (acetaminophen)

self-limited infection

46
Q

empiric therapy for aspiration pneumonia

A

clindamycin

Internal medicine (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions