Infectious Diseases

Question 1

What is the mnemonic for UTI risk factors?

Answer 1

SEX: Sexual activity, E. coli, X (obstruction like stones).

Question 2

How is UTI diagnosed?

Answer 2

Urinalysis: Pyuria (>10 WBCs/hpf)
nitrites
leukocyte esterase
Urine culture: >10⁵ CFU/mL.

Question 2

What is the treatment for uncomplicated UTI?

Answer 2

Nitrofurantoin (5 days), TMP-SMX (3 days), fosfomycin (single dose).

Question 3

What are complications of UTI?

Answer 3

Pyelonephritis, urosepsis, perinephric abscess.

Question 4

CAUTI (catheter-associated) cause and treatment

Answer 4

E. coli → Remove catheter + Ceftriaxone

Question 5

VAP (Vent-associated) cause and treatment

Answer 5

Pseudomonas/MRSA → Elevate head, Vancomycin + Zosyn

Question 6

C. diff cause and treatment

Answer 6

Antibiotics → Contact precautions, Oral Vancomycin

Question 7

CLABSI (central-line-associated) cause and treatment

Answer 7

S. epidermidis/MRSA → Remove line + Vancomycin