Infectious Diseases

Question 1

State the pathogen for each of this infections:
-Cholera
-Malaria
-HIV/AIDS
-TB

Answer 1

-vibrio cholerae
-plasmodium flaciparum p.vivax p.ovale p.malariae
-human immunodeficiency virus
-mycobacterium tuberculosis/ mycobacterium bovis

Question 2

State the site of action of pathogen for each of this infections:
-Cholera
-Malaria
-HIV/AIDS
-TB

Answer 2

Cholera:wall of small intestines

Malaria:liver/blood cells/brain

AIDS:T-helper lymphocytes/macrophages/ brain cells

TB: primary infection in lungs,secondary infection in lymph nodes,bones and gut

Question 3

State the method of transmission for each of this infections:
-Cholera
-Malaria
-HIV/AIDS
-TB

Answer 3

Cholera: food borne/water borne

Malaria: insect vector(female anopheles mosquito)

AIDS: in semen and vaginal fluids during sexual intercourse/infected blood/contaminated hypodermic syringes/mother to fetus across placenta and at birth/from breast milking

TB:airborne droplets(m.tuberculosis)/undercooked meat and unpasteurized milk (m.bovis)

Question 4

State the clinical features for each of this infections:
-Cholera
-Malaria
-HIV/AIDS
-TB

Answer 4

Cholera: severe diarrhea/ loss of water and salts/dehydration/weakness

Malaria: fever/anaemia/nausea/headaches/muscle pain/shivering/sweating/ enlarging spleen

AIDS: HIV infection:flu-like symptoms then symptomless
AIDS:opportunistic infections like pneumonia,TB and cancers/ weight loss,diarrhea,fever,sweating,dementia

TB: racking cough/coughing blood/chest pain/shortness of breath/fever/sweating/weight loss