Infectious Disease Treatments

Question 1

Bacterial Vaginosis

Answer 1

• oral metronidazole

- alt: topical metronidazole or topical clindamycin

Question 2

Bacterial Vaginosis with Pregnancy

Answer 2

-oral metronidazole throughout pregnancy

Question 3

Chlamydia

Answer 3

• doxycycline

- alt: azithromycin

Question 4

Chlamydia in Pregnancy

Answer 4

• azithromycin
• erythromycin
• amoxicillin

Question 5

Lymphogranuloma Venereum

Answer 5

Doxycycline

Question 6

Gingivostomatitis in Herpes

Answer 6

• oral aciclovir

- chlorhexidine mouthwash

Question 7

Cold sores in Herpes

Answer 7

-topical aciclovir

Question 8

Genital Herpes

Answer 8

• oral aciclovir
• saline bathing
• topical anaesthetic e.g. lidocaine
• analgesia

Question 9

Genital Warts

Answer 9

• multiple, non-keratinised: topical podophyllum
• single, keratinised: cryotherapy
• 2nd line: topical imiquimod

Question 10

Gonorrhoea

Answer 10

• ciprofloxacin
• now more common IM ceftriaxone (+ oral azithromycin)
• alt: oral cefixime + oral azithromycin

Question 11

Non-gonococcal Urethritis

Answer 11

azithromycin or doxycycline

Question 12

Syphilis

Answer 12

• IM benzathine penicillin

- doxycycline

Question 13

Trichomonas Vaginalis

Answer 13

oral metronidazole 5-7 days

Question 14

Urethritis

Answer 14

• 7 days doxycycline

- 1 dose azithromycin oral

Question 15

Lower UTI in non-pregnant women

Answer 15

• trimethoprim/nitrofurantoin

- culture if >65 yo or haematuria or pregnant

Question 16

Lower UTI in pregnant women

Answer 16

-nitrofurantoin (avoid near term), amoxicillin or cefalexin

Question 17

Lower UTI in catheterised patients

Answer 17

• no treatment if asymptomatic

- symptomatic, Abx 7 days

Question 18

Acute pyelonephritis

Answer 18

broad spec cephalosporin or quinolone 10-14 days

Question 19

Amoebiasis

Answer 19

metronidazole

luminal amoebicide for cystic stage

Question 20

Animal and human bites

Answer 20

co-amoxiclav

doxycycline and metronidazole

Question 21

Anthrax

Answer 21

ciprofloxacin

Question 22

Botulism

Answer 22

botulism antitoxin (only effective early on)

Question 23

Campylobacter

Answer 23

clarithromycin

ciprofloxacin

Question 24

Cellulitis

Answer 24

flucloxacillin

allergic: clarithromycin, erithromycin (pregnancy), doxycycline
severe: co-amoxiclav, cefuroxime, clindamycin, ceftriaxone

Question 25

Cholera

Answer 25

doxycycline, ciprofloxacin

Question 26

Diphtheria

Answer 26

IM penicillin

diphtheria antitoxin

Question 27

Giardiasis

Answer 27

metronidazole

Question 28

Legionella

Answer 28

clarithromycin/erythromycin

Question 29

Leprosy

Answer 29

• rifampicin
• dapsone
• clofazimine

Question 30

Leptospirosis

Answer 30

benzylpenicillin, doxycyline

Question 31

Lyme disease

Answer 31

• doxycyline

- ceftriaxone

Question 32

Malaria

Answer 32

• artemisin based combination therapies
• chloroquine
• ovale/vivax - primaquine after acute treatment

Question 33

Meningitis

Answer 33

• cefotaxime
• add amoxicillin if <3mo or >50 yo
• meningococcal: or benzylpenicillin
• listeria: amoxicillin and gentamicin
• or chloramphenicol if CONTRA
• IV dexamethasone reduces risk neurological sequelae
• prophylaxis for contacts: oral ciprofloxacin or rifampicin

Question 34

MRSA

Answer 34

vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid

Question 35

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae

Answer 35

doxycycline or macrolide (erythromycin/clarithromycin)

Question 36

Strongyloides Stercoralis

Answer 36

ivermectin and albendazole

Question 37

Tetanus

Answer 37

metronidazole (vaccination)

Question 38

Toxoplasmosis

Answer 38

pyrimethamine and sulphadiazine

Question 39

Trypasonomiasis

Answer 39

Benznidazole or nifurtimox

Question 40

Tuberculosis

Answer 40

rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol