Infectious Disease - Sagi Flashcards
What are the congenital malformations in toxoplasmosis?
Mental Retardation (85%)
Convulsion - 80%
Spasticity & palsies - 65%
Impaired vision - 55%
Hydrocephalus - 25%
Deafness - 15%
Normal - 12%
Jaundice
Hyperechoic bowels
Chorioretinitis
Ventriculomegaly
Transmission rate increases with gestational age but most severe illness is in transmission in weeks 10-24
Mild disease - late infection (26-40)
Low fetal infection 1-10 weeks
What are the fetal sequelae of CMV?
Primary Secondary
Symptomatic at birth 18 0 %
Late symptoms 25 8 %
Hearing Loss 15 5 %
IQ<70 13 0 %
Normal at age six 67 86 %
Hepatosplenomegaly
Microcephaly
IUGR
Oligohydramnion
Intra abdominal calcifications (Liver & Spleen)
CNS Calcifications, Mostly in the borders of lateral ventricles
Non Immune Hydrops
Echogenic Bowel
Ascites
Ventriculomegaly
Chorioretinits
Transmission rate increases with gestational age
What are the fetal sequelae in Herpes (HSV)?
Newborn infection has 3 forms:
Disseminated with involvement of major viscera. The prognosis is poor Mortality reaches 60%
Localized, with involvement confined to the central nervous system, eyes, skin or mucosa. Generally the outcome is good
Asymptomatic
What are the fetal effects in Parvovirus?
Abortion
Fetal death
Hydrope fetalis
Anemia
Anomalies
Risk of severe infection decreases:
1-12 wks: 19%
13-20 wks: 15%
>20 wks: 6%
What are the fetal effects of Group B Streptococcus?
Fetal and neonatal infection
Preterm labor, PPROM, chorioamnionitis
Most common cause of puerperal sepsis
Infant may be born acidemic and depressed
Signs of serious infection may develop 6-12 hours after birth.
Signs:
Respiratory distress
Apnea
Shock
Mortality rate: 25%
Survivors may exhibit neurologic sequelae
Late manifestation:
Usually manifests as meningitis 7-90 days after delivery.
Mortality rate is less than with early onset
Neurologic sequelae are common.
