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Finals 2024 > Infectious Disease Finals > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Finals Flashcards

1
Q

What condition do you get 24 hours off school for? Post Abx

A

Scarlett Fever

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2
Q

What condition do you get 48 hours off school? Post Abx

A

Whooping Cough

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3
Q

What condition do you get 4 days off school for

A

Measles (from onset of rash)

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4
Q

How much time do you get off with Chickenpox

A

Until All lesions crusted over

Cases of chickenpox are generally infectious from 2 days before the rash appears to 5 days after the onset of rash.

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5
Q

How much time do you get off with Impetigo

A

Until all lesions crusted over/48 hours post Abx

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6
Q

How many days do you get off for Rubella

A

5 days (from onset of rash)

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7
Q

Mx for Otitis Externa

A

topical antibiotic or a combined topical antibiotic with a steroid

If severe: Oral Flucloxacillin/ Erythromycin if peniclillin allergic

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8
Q

What Abx is CI in pregnancy

A

Quinolines - ex: ciprofloxacin

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9
Q

Localised Impetigo Tx

Widespread Impetigo Tx

A

Hydrogen Peroxide 1%/Fusidic acid

Oral Flucloxacillin

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10
Q

Main cause of Cellulitis

Mx of Cellulitis

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

Flucloxacillin (clarithromycin, erythromycin or doxycycline if penicillin-allergic)

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11
Q

Main cause of Erysipelas

A

Strep Pyrogenes

flucloxacillin

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12
Q

Main Cause of Tonsillitis

Main Mx of tonsillitis

A

Strep Pyogenes

Penicillin V

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13
Q

Common causes of Acute Sinusitis

When to prescribe nasal steroid spray

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and rhinoviruses

intranasal corticosteroids may be considered if the symptoms have been present for more than 10 days

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14
Q

Chronic Rhinositus vs Acute Sinusitis

A

Rhino - is a chronic inflammatory condition

acute sinusitis - is an infection

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15
Q

Chronic Bronchitis mx

A

Amoxicillin or tetracycline or clarithromycin

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16
Q

Uncomplicated/Mild CAP mx

A

Amoxicillin (Doxycycline or clarithromycin in penicillin allergic

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17
Q

Atypical Pneumonia mx

A

Clarithromycin

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18
Q

HAP mx

A

Co-Amoxiclav

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19
Q

Gingivitis mx

A

Metronidazole

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20
Q

Salmonella/Shigella mx

A

Ciprofloxacin
(p for poo)

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21
Q

Campylobacter jejuni mx

A

Clarithromycin

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22
Q

most common cause of infective endocarditis

BONUS: most common valve affected

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis if < 2 months post valve surgery

Mitral valve

23
Q

Lyme Disease Signs

A

erythema migrans ‘bulls-eye’ rash (1-4 weeks after bite)
systemic features
headache
lethargy
fever
arthralgia

24
Q

Dx of Lyme Disease

A

clinicall by Tick bite
Or ELISA for Borrelia burgdorferi

25
Mx of Lyme disease
tick still present - remove it is using fine-tipped tweezers, grasping the tick as close to the skin as possible and pulling upwards firmly Abx: Doxycycline if early (Amoxicllin if CI) Ceftriaxone if disseminated disease
26
What causes Scarlett fever Tx For scarlett fever
Strep pyogenes Penicillin V
27
Features of Scarlett Fever
Sandpaper rash - spine Strawberry tongue Red flushed cheeks cervical lymphadenopathy Sore throat
28
Measles tx
self-resolving
29
Vaccines at 1 year old | v
Pneumococcal Men B Men C MMR HipB
30
Vaccines at 8 weeks
6-in-1, Rotavirus, MenB
31
Vaccines at 12 weeks
6-in-1, Pneumococcal, Rotavirus
32
Vaccines at 16 weeks
6-in-1, Men B
33
Vaccines at 3 years 4 months
MMR 4 in 1
34
Vaccines at 14 years old
3 in 1 Men ACWY
35
What is in the 6-in-1 vaccine
diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) and hepatitis B)
36
What does HPV vaccine protect against
HPV 6 and 11 - genital warts HPV 16 and 18 - cervical cancer
37
When can you do a normal vaginal delivery with HIV
When there are less than 50 copies/ml
38
What is Roseala Infantum caused by
HH6
39
Roseala Infantum S/S
Rash consists of a mild erythematous macular rash High Fever followed by this rash (not itchy)
40
What is Parovirus B19 caused by Slapped Cheek features
Prodromal - mild fever then slapped cheek rash reticular mildly erythematous rash affecting the trunk
41
Slapped Cheek complications slapped cheek tx
High risk of aplastic anaemia self limiting rash
42
Tetanus cause Tetanus features
Clostridium tetani - often in infected soil going into wounds prodrome fever, lethargy, headache trismus (lockjaw) risus sardonicus: facial spasms opisthotonus (arched back, hyperextended neck) spasms (e.g. dysphagia)
43
Tx Of Tetanus
Patient has had a full course of tetanus vaccines, with the last dose < 10 years ago - nothing needed >10 years ago - if tetanus prone wound: reinforcing dose of vaccine high-risk wounds (e.g. compound fractures, delayed surgical intervention, significant degree of devitalised tissue): reinforcing dose of vaccine + tetanus immunoglobulin If vaccination history is incomplete or unknown reinforcing dose of vaccine, regardless of the wound severity for tetanus prone and high-risk wounds: reinforcing dose of vaccine + tetanus immunoglobulin (+ supportive therapy and muscle relaxants and metronidazole if needed)
44
Dx of legionella Mx of legionella
urinary antigen erythromycin/clarithromycin
45
Mycoplasma pneumoniae dx
Serology
46
Cause of threadworms
Enterobius vermicularis b and v - bums and vagina
47
Features of Mumps
fever malaise, muscular pain parotitis ('earache', 'pain on eating'): unilateral initially then becomes bilateral
48
Cause of Mumps
caused by RNA paramyxovirus and spread by droplets
49
Epididymo-orchitis Causes
In younger adults - Chlamydia and Gonorrhae In older adults who are low risk - e.coli (so investigation is MSU for this)
50
Features of Dengue Fever
Due to Aedes aegypti mosquito - in tropics/subtropical KEY: can progress to viral haemorrhagic fever fever headache **(often retro-orbital)** myalgia, **bone pain** and arthralgia ('break-bone fever') pleuritic pain facial flushing (dengue) maculopapular rash haemorrhagic manifestations e.g. positive tourniquet test, petechiae, purpura/ecchymosis, epistaxis
51
Dengue Fever dx Dengue Fever mx
diagnostic tests serology nucleic acid amplification tests for viral RNA NS1 antigen test Mx - supportive, fluid resus and blood products
52
Yellow Fever features
Brief Viral Haemorrhagic illness mild flu-like illness lasting less than one week classic description involves sudden onset of high fever, rigors, nausea & vomiting. Bradycardia may develop. A brief remission is followed by jaundice, haematemesis, oliguria On blood councilman bodies Aedes Aegypti again
53
Most common cause of encephalitis
HSV - in adults
54
Most common causes of Meningitis
Babies - GBS Adults - Neisseria meningitidis Streptococcus pneumoniae

Finals 2024 (8 decks)

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