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Emed 1 > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

symptoms of cervicitis

A

Vaginal dc (yellow, creamy, profuse)

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2
Q

how to dx gonorrhea

A

NAAT

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3
Q

MCC disseminated gonococcal cervicitis

A

acute septic arthritis, presents with joint pain

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4
Q

how to tx gonorrhea

A

ceftriaxone IM

cefixime PO + azithromycin PO

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5
Q

50% of people infected with gonorrhea are coinfected with

A

chlamydia

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6
Q

S/S chlamydia

A

clear/white discharge in men

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7
Q

common complication of chlamydia in men

A

reiters syndrome

  • conjunctivitis
  • urethritis
  • arthritis
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8
Q

Fitz Hugh Curtis syndrome

A
  • from GC or chlamydia
  • liver adhesions form PID
  • RUQ pain, LFTs normal
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9
Q

chlamydia tx

A

azithromycin PO

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10
Q

trichomonas tx

A

metronidazole

Clotrimazole vaginal suppositories for pregnant patients

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11
Q

where do scabies present

A

Lesions to finger webs, Flexor & extensor surfaces,

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12
Q

how to tx scabies

A
  • permethrin 5%

- PO ivermectin

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13
Q

primary syphillus (treponema pallidium) presents with

A

-chancre (single painless ulcer at site of exposure, first manifestation)

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14
Q

secondary syphillus presents with

A

Maculopapular rash involving palms & soles week sot months after infection

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15
Q

tertiary syphillus presents with

A

neuro/cardio symptoms, ulcerating gumma months to year after secondary

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16
Q

how to dx syphillus

A
  • RPR/VDRL are screening tests, - following tx

- FTA-ABS, MHA-TP are confirmatory, remains + after tx

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17
Q

how to tx primary adn secondary syphillus

A
  • Benzathine PCN G

- tetra or doxy if allergic

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18
Q

HSV-1

HSV-2

A

-oral
-genital
multiple vesicles on an erythematous base, which eventually ulcerate

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19
Q

prodrome symptoms of herpes

A

tenderness, itching, burning or tingling prior to ulcer appearance

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20
Q

how to dx herpes

A
  • Gold standard is Viral culture: Tzanck/Geimsa/ Wright smear multinucleated giant cells
  • PCR is the most sensitive test available , but is limited by cost
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21
Q

how to tx first episode of herpes

A
  • acyclovir PO TID
  • famciclovir
  • valacyclovir
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22
Q

how does herpes zoster present

A

Pain along course of a nerve followed by grouped vesicular lesions
Unilateral
same tx as herpes

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23
Q

HIV tests

A
  • Enzyme immunoassay (EIA)= “screening test”
  • Western blot (WB)= “confirmatory test”
  • HIV viral load (measures copies/ mL)- often PCR
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24
Q

AIDS is defined as CD4 count <

A

200
PCP (MC opportunistic infection of AIDS, ground glass appearance on xray, tx with bactrim)
TB (upper lobe involvement)

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25
advanced HIV w/CD4 count <50 can indicate
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) | Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
26
toxoplasma encephalitis presents with what on a CT
Ring-enhancing lesions w/ surrounding vasogenic edema
27
ophthalmic manifestations of AIDS
75% of pt’s w/ AIDS develop ocular complications CMV retinitis - most frequent & serious ocular opportunistic infection & leading cause of blindness in AIDS patients Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (dendritic lesions)-tx with IV acyclovir
28
how to tx CMV
ganciclovir or foscarnet
29
how to tx MAC
Clarithromycin + Ethambutol + Rifabutin
30
hwo to tx pulmonary TB
Isoniazid + Rifabutin + Pyrazinamide + Streptomycin
31
how to tx CNS toxoplasmosis
Pyrimethamine + Sulfadiazine + Folinic acid
32
how to tx CN cryptococcus
Amphotericin & Fluconazole
33
how to treat candidiasis
Clotrimazole or Nystatin
34
how to tx esophagitis
fluconazole
35
how to tx salmonellosis
cipro
36
cellulitis
Soft-tissue bacterial invasion m/c w/ Staphylococcus & Streptococcus in adults & Haemophilus influenzae in nonimmunized children
37
cellulitis presentation
Localized tenderness, warmth, erythema & induration Progression to lymphangitis & lymphadenitis Bacteremia w/ fever & chills
38
what labs should you order for suspected cellulits
Baseline labs + blood cultures + leukocyte counts+ lactic acid
39
hwo to tx outpt cellulitis | inpt
dicloxacillin, augmentin, clarithromycin | IV cefazolin or nafcillinm for DM ceftriaxone or imipenem
40
how to tx mild moderate severe MRSA
clinda or bactrim clinda or vanco/linezolid if worsening vanco or linezolid
41
Superficial cellulitis w/ lymphatic involvement: Group A Strep
erysipelas Small area of erythema w/ burning sensation Sharply demarcated erythema that is tense & painful Lymphangitis & lymphadenitis commonly develops
42
how to tx erysipelas
PCN G
43
honey colored crusts
``` impetigo tx w/mupirocin if no response then PO anbx Dicloxacillin Cephalexin, Amoxicillin-clavulanate ```
44
Recurrent infection of apocrine sweat glands (axilla & groin)
hiradenitis suppurativa
45
MCC foliculitis
p. aeruginosa
46
MCC furuncle/carbuncle
s. aureus
47
gas gangrene tx
Penicillin G + Vancomycin or penicillinase-resistant penicillin (nafcillin) PCN allergic Clindamycin or metronidazole
48
rubella presents with
Maculopapular rash | Lymphadenopathy
49
rubeola (measles) presents with
Koplik spots, conjunctivitis | Red, blotchy (maculopapular) rash 3-7 days after prodromal symptoms appear
50
Roseola/Exanthem Subitum
- herpes virus | - transmitted via saliva
51
Pruritic rash consisting of crops of macules, papules, and vesicles (typically 250–500 lesions), presence of lesions in different stages of development at the same time
varicella
52
slapped cheek | B19 parvovirus
5th disease (erythema infectiosum)
53
, painful oral ulcers or blisters, body rash, followed by sores w/ blisters on palms & soles of feet
hanf, foot, mouth disease | coxsackie group A
54
Kawasackie disease
``` 4/5 criteria must be met: Conjunctivitis Rash Lymphadenopathy Oropharyngeal changes (injection of pharynx & lips w/ prominent papillae of tongue (strawberry tongue) ```
55
how to tx Kawasackie
IV gamma globulin and ASA
56
“strawberry tongue” , sore throat, fever, ha, vomiting & abdominal pain
scarlet fever
57
how to tx scarlet fever
Abx (PCN) or erythromycin for PCN allergic (Abx shorten course &  incidence of rheumatic fever & nephritis)
58
complications of scarlet fever
Rheumatic fever, post streptococcal glomerulonephritis
59
how to tx rabies
HRIG (human rabies immune globulin) at wound site | Human diploid cell vaccine; administered Im/ intradermally on days 0,3,7, and 14
60
most virulent species of malaria
falciparium

Emed 1 (8 decks)

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