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PAEDS SC1 > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Complications of otitis media

A 
Mastoiditis
Meningitis
Cholesteatoma
Rupture TM
chronic otitis media-- hearing loss-- speech and language delay
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2
Q

Dx otitis media

A
  1. Otoscope
    - red TM
    - bulging TM
    - loss light reflex
    - decrease TM mobility
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3
Q

Tx OM

A

Ampicillin+ clav

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4
Q

Causes OM

A

Strep pneumo
H Influ non typable
Moraxella catarrhalis

+ rsv para and Influ

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5
Q

PC bronchiolitis

A

Low grade temp
Apnea
Cough
Rhinorrhea

PEAK- day 3/4

Tachypnea
Wheeze 
Crackles
Hyper resonant 
Prolonged respiration 
Intercostal retraction
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6
Q

Dx bronchiolitis

A 
Clinical
CXR
- hyperinflated
Atelectasis
Interstitial infiltrate 
EXCLUDE pneumonia

Nasopharyngeal aspirate

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7
Q

Tx bronchiolitis

A

Supportive
+ contact isolation

NO STEROIDS

trial albuterol

Ribavarin

Palivizumab

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8
Q

At risk for bronchiolitis

A 
Preme
Less than 6 months 
Males 
Cardio-resp
Immunodeficiency
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9
Q

Causes of bronchiolitis

A

RSV

+ para and Influ and metapneumovirus

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10
Q

PC croup

A

PRODROME URI

SOB
inspiratory stridor
Hoarse voice
Barking cough

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11
Q

Dx croup

A
  1. Clinical

2. CXR- steeple sign

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12
Q

Tx croup

A

Mild- fluid mist

Moderate

  • oxygen
  • IM or oral steroids
  • neb race epinephrine

Severe- hospital
- neb race epi

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13
Q

Causes croup

A

Parainfluenza

Influ, RSV, adenovirus

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14
Q

PC epiglottitis

A 
ACUTE
high temp
Drooling
Dysphagia
Cyanosis
Inspiratory retractions
Neck hyperextended 
Chin protrusion 
Tripod
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15
Q

Dx epiglottitis

A

CLINICAL

secure airway BEFORE exam + anesthesiologist and otolaryngologist

Fibre optic cable

Lateral XR- thumb print sign

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16
Q

Tx epiglottitis

A

ABCs and airway

Ceftriaxone or cefuroxime

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17
Q

Causes epiglottitis

A

H Influ
Non typable H Influ
Strep

Viral

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18
Q

PC bacterial meningitis

A 
Headache
Nuchal rigidity
Fever
RICP
Papilledema
Cranial nerve palsies 
Petechia rash
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19
Q

PRODROME viral meningitis

A

Fever
Sore throat
Fatigue

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20
Q

PC meningitis newborn

A 
Poor tone
Hypo or hyperthermia
Vomiting
Bulging funtanelles
Sun setting eyes
21
Q

Kernig sign

A

Reluctant knee E with hip F

22
Q

Bruzdinskis sign

A

Pain with passive flexion neck

23
Q

Dx meningitis

24
Q

Tx meningitis

A

Neonates- ampicillin and cefotaxime OR gentamicin

Kids- ceftriaxone and vanco

Viral encephalitis- acyclovir

25
Q

Causes meningitis neonates

A

GBS
Listeria
E. coli

26
Q

Causes meningitis infants

A

Strep pneumo
N meningitidis
H Influ

27
Q

No ceftriaxone in neonates

A

Biliary sludging

Kernicterus

28
Q

PC pertussis

A

Catarrhal- 1-2wks mild URI
Paroxysmal- WHOOP 2-3 months
Convalescent- wanes

Post tussive emesis and apnea

29
Q

Dx pertussis

A

Lymphocytosis

Culture

30
Q

Tx pertussis

A

HOSPITAL

erythromycin

31
Q

PC otitis media

A 
Ear pain
Ear tugging
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Crying
Irritable
Difficulty sleeping and feeding
32
Q

PC tracheitis

A

3 day PRODROME

Intermediate fever 
May have stridor
Pseudo membrane 
Slower onset than epiglottitis 
Variable resp distress
33
Q

Cause tracheitis

A

Staph aureus after viral URI

34
Q

CXR tracheitis

A

Subglottic narrowing

35
Q

Retro pharyngeal abscess age

A

6 months 6 years

36
Q

PC retropharyngeal abscess

A 
ACUTE FEVER 
Sore throat
Unilateral
Posterior pharynx mass
Cervical LAD
drooling

HOT POTATOE muffled voice

37
Q

Cause retro abscess

A

Group A beta strep
S aureus
Bacteroides

38
Q

Position relief Retro abscess

A

Supine neck extended

39
Q

Dx retro abscess

A

Lateral XR- soft tissue plane

40
Q

Peritonsillar abscess age

A

Greater than 10 yo

41
Q

PC peritonsillar abscess

A

Drooling
Sore throat
Trismus
Uvula displaced OPPOSITE side

Hot potatoe muffled voice

42
Q

Cause of peritonsillar abscess

A

Group A beta strep
S aureus
Strep pneumo
Anaerobes

43
Q

Dx peritonsillar abscess

44
Q

Tx of abscesses

A

Incise, aspirate, drain
Antibiotics

AND tonsillectomy (peritonsillar)

45
Q

Chickenpox PRODROME

A

Fever
Anorexia
Fatigue

46
Q

Complications chickenpox

A

5

Meningoencephalitis
Pneumonia
Hepatitis

Secondary bacterial

Reyes

47
Q

Complications varicella

A

Encephalopathy
Aseptic meningitis
GBS

Cellulitis
Arthritis

TTP

Pneumonitis

48
Q

PRODROME HFM

A

Fever
Anorexia
ORAL PAIN

PAEDS SC1 (13 decks)

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