Infectious Disease

Question 0

2) What are the four types of pathogen?

Answer 0

Fungi
Bacteria
Viruses
Protozoa

Question 1

1) What are pathogens?

Answer 1

Microorganisms that cause disease

Question 2

3) Give an example of something that fungi causes?

Answer 2

Athlete’s foot

Question 3

4) Give an example of something bacteria causes?

Answer 3

Cholera

Question 4

5) Give an example of something viruses cause?

Answer 4

The flu

Question 5

6) Give an example of something a protozoans cause?

Answer 5

Dysentery

Question 6

7) What are the causes for symptoms of an infectious disease?

Answer 6

Cell damage and toxins produced by pathogens

Question 7

8) ‘Malaria’ is caused by a ….. and it’s carried by …..?

Answer 7

Protozoan, Mosquitos

Question 8

9) The protozoan that causes malaria is a ‘parasite’, what does this mean?

Answer 8

An organism that lives off another (called a host)

Question 9

10) Mosquitos when carrying malaria can be described as being ‘vectors’, what does this mean?

Answer 9

They carry the disease without getting it

Question 10

11) How do Mosquitos become infected with malaria and how do they infect other organisms?

Answer 10

When a Mosquitos feed on infected animals they pick up the malaria parasite, it infects others by injecting the parasite into the blood vessels of other animals

Question 11

12) What are the three methods used to reduce the spread of malaria?

Answer 11

Areas of water where mosquitos lay eggs can be drained or sprayed with insecticide, Fish can be introduced into the water to eat mosquito larvae, People can protect themselves by using insecticides and mosquito nets

Question 12

13) Unless they are destroyed, ….. will reproduce rapidly once they enter the body, it’s the job of the ….. and in particular ….. to dispose of them?

Answer 12

Pathogens, immune system, white blood cells

Question 13

14) White blood cells patrol all over the body, describe two lines of attack they have against pathogens?

Answer 13

Consuming them: engulf foreign cells and digest them
Producing antitoxins: counter the effect of any poison (toxins) produced by pathogens
Note: Every pathogen has unique molecules on the surface of its cells called antigens

Question 14

15) Describe how white blood cells create antibodies and fight pathogens?

Answer 14

When a white blood cell encounters a foreign antigen it produces proteins called antibodies which lock and kill the invading cells, the antibody is produced specific to that pathogen, antibodies are produced rapidly to kill remaining similar pathogens

Question 15

16) What are memory cells?

Answer 15

Memory cells are antibodies that have remained in the blood so that the same pathogens can be killed immediately when encountered again, a person can become naturally immune to that pathogen this way