Infectious Disease

Question 1

Nosocomial

Answer 1

nosocomial infections are infections that patients contracted while at the hospital. (HAI) Hospital Associated Infections. Patients come to the hospital to receive care yet, in the case of nosocomial infections, they leave with what is known as a preventable “complication” after being infected by a transmissible pathogen.

Question 2

Direct and Indirect Transmission

Answer 2

The definitive difference is whether or not the phlebotomist passes the contagion (direct transmission) or if the contagion is passed on through supplies or equipment (indirect transmission).

Question 3

AIIR

Answer 3

Airborne infection isolation room

Question 4

Airborne Precautions

Answer 4

Precautions used in addition to standard precautions for patients known or suspected of being infected with microorganisms transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei

Question 5

Airborne Transmission

Answer 5

Transmission of disease by dispersal of evaporated droplet nuclei containing an infectious agent

Question 6

Antiseptics

Answer 6

Substances that inhibit the growth of bacteria and are used to clean the skin

Question 7

Aseptic technique

Answer 7

Used to reduce the chance of microbial contamination. Keep objects or area sterile.(used throughout hemodialysis procedure.)

Question 8

Asepsis

Answer 8

Condition of being free of contamination or germs (microbes) that could cause disease

Question 9

Aseptic

Answer 9

Sterile or pathogen free

Question 10

Bacteremia

Answer 10

Bacteria in the blood

Question 11

Biocide

Answer 11

A chemical that kills or inhibits the growth of living organisms

Question 12

C. difficile Clostridium difficile

Answer 12

The most commonly reported HAI pathogenic microorganism. Bleach 3x 10min air dry

Question 13

Causative agent

Answer 13

The pathogen responsible for causing an infection. Infectious agent

Question 14

Contact Precautions

Answer 14

Precautions used in addition to standard precautions when a patient is known or suspected of being infected or colonized with epidemiologically important microorganisms that can be transmitted by direct contact with the patient or indirect contact with surfaces.

Question 15

Contact Transmission

Answer 15

Transfer of an Infectious agent to a susceptible host through direct or indirect contact.

Question 16

Cross contamination

Answer 16

Unintentional transfer of something such as bacteria from one surface to another.

Question 17

Direct Contact transmission

Answer 17

Transfer of an infectious agent to a susceptible host through close or intimate contact (touching,kissing)

Question 18

Disinfectants

Answer 18

Substances or solutions used to remove or kill microorganisms on surfaces and instruments.

Question 19

DRG

Answer 19

Drug related groups

Question 20

Droplet Precautions

Answer 20

Precautions used in addition to standard precautions when a patient is known or suspected of being infected microorganisms transmitted by droplets (particles larger than 5um) generated when a pt talks,coughs,sneezes and certain procedures like suctioning.

Question 21

Droplet Transmission

Answer 21

Transfer of infectious agent to mucous membranes of the mouth nose or conjunctiva of the eyes via infectious droplets “”

Question 22

Fomites

Answer 22

Inanimate objects such as countertops and computer keyboards that can harbor material contains infectious agents

Question 23

Healthcare infection control practices advisory committee (HICPAC)

Answer 23

Federal est in 1991 that advises the CDC on updating guidelines regarding the prevention of nosocomial infections

Question 24

Isolation Procedures

Answer 24

Procedures intended to separate pts with certain transmissible infections from contact with others. HEP B

Question 25

Sterile

Answer 25

Free from live bacteria or other microorganisms

Question 26

Clean

Answer 26

Not sterile, but disinfected such as a cleaned dialysis chair or clean supplies, blue pads or tape

Question 27

Contaminated

Answer 27

A sterile or clean item has come in contact with a non-sterile object

Question 28

Dirty

Answer 28

Neither sterile or clean but visibly contaminated.

Question 29

Bleach

Answer 29

1% = 1:100 is 1000ml only 10ml bleach. Used for surfaces, equip.

10%= 1:10 is 1000ml only 100ml bleach. Used for blood and contaminants.