Infectious Disease 02: continued

Question 1

What is a C/F of infection by S. mansoni and S. japonicum in the liver?

Answer 1

“pipestem fibrosis” leading to esophageal varices

Question 2

What are the common manifestations of infection by S. Manson infection in the lungs?

Answer 2

angiomatoid lesions similar to those of idiopathic pulmonary hypertension

Question 3

S. haematobium infection can cause squamous metaplasia in a certain part of the body leading to what condition?

Answer 3

squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder

Question 4

How is Lymphatic filariasis spread?

Answer 4

transmitted by mosquitoes and caused by closely related nematodes Wuchereria bacrofti and Braga speacials

Question 5

What is a major C/F of lymphatic filariasis?

Answer 5

elephantiasis

Question 6

What is required in development and reproduction of lymphatic filariasis?

Answer 6

Symbiotic Wolbachia bacteria infect filarial nematodes and are required for nematode development and reproduction

Question 7

What are some other C/F of lymphatic filiariasis besides elephantiasis?

Answer 7

lymphedema of the extremities, scrotum, penis, or vulva

Question 8

What are Meyers-Kouwenaar bodies?

Answer 8

Lung involvement by microfilariae is marked by eosinophilia caused by TH2 responses and cytokine production (tropical eosinophilia), dead microfilariae surrounded by stellate, hyaline, eosinophilic precipitates embedded in small epithelioid granulomas

Question 9

Onchocerca volvulus is transmitted by what organisms? What is another name for infection by this organisms?

Answer 9

black flies, vector’s preferred habitat is near fast moving water hence higher incidence of disease near rivers “river blinds”

Question 10

What is an onchocercoma?

Answer 10

ibrous capsule surrounding adult worms and a mixed chronic infiltrate that includes fibrin, neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and giant cells

Question 11

C/F of onchocerciasis?

Answer 11

Progressive eye lesions : punctate keratitis, sclerosing keratitis, sometimes accentuated by treatment with anti- filarial drugs (Mazzotti reaction)

Question 12

C/F of prion diseases?

Answer 12

scrapie in sheep/goats, bovine fponigorm encephalopathy in cattle “mad cow” disease

Question 13

Pathogenesis of prion disease.

Answer 13

Change in PrP from native PrPc form to an abnormal form PrPsc (scrapie_ or PrPres(protease resistant), PrPsc can imitate transformation of other PrPc

Question 14

C/F of CJD?

Answer 14

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

rapidly progressive dementia

• Periodic sharp and slow wave complexes in the EEG

Question 15

Transmission of CJD?

Answer 15

deep implantation electrodes, contaminated human GH

Question 16

Characteristic of those with CJD upon microscopy?

Answer 16

• Spongiform transformation of cerebral cortex and deep gray matter structures (caudate, putamen)
• No inflammatory infiltrate

Question 17

Immunochistochemistry of those with CJD?

Answer 17

proteinase K-resistant PrPsc in tissue

Question 18

Diagnostic tools to ID CJD?

Answer 18

western blot