Infectious diarrhea Flashcards
watery, non-inflammatory diarrhea
small bowel
inflammatory (increased T, WBC, RBC) diarrhea
colon
Non-inflammatory diarrhea pathogens
norovirus, rotavirus, giardia, cholera, ETEC
inflammatory diarrhea pathogens
C jejuni, shigella, E coli O157:H7, C diff, E histolytica
associated with V. cholera
drinking salty, warm, communal, untreated water
cholera toxin
ganglioside GM1 receptor
mechanism: cAMP
abrupt, copious rice water diarrhea and vomiting associated with drinking contaminated water and eating contaminated shellfish. communal disease
cholera
most serious manifestation in cholera infection
dehydration
oral rehydration solution
juice/soft drink + heaping teaspoon sucrose
winter. SICK CONTACTS. watery diarrhea. oral-fecal transmission, contaminated shellfish/water. short illness
norovirus
winter. SPORADIC. watery diarrhea. fecal-oral transmission. week-long illness in infants, young children
rotavirus
waterborne illness. watery diarrhea, fatigue, abd cramps, bloating, malodorous stool, flatulence
giardia lamblia
fecal leukocytes with positive stool cultures
inflammatory diarrhea
most common cause of hemorrhagic colitis. less than 1 week illness. highest rate in young children and elderly
E coli O157:H7
Spectrum of E coli O157:H7 illness
asymptomatic, non-bloody diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
Mechanism of E coli O157:H7
shiga-like toxin binds human renal endothelium –| protein synthesis
treatment of E coli O157:H7 infection
bactrim
nosocomial watery or bloody diarrhea. +/- fever, leuckocytosis and severe colitis
C diff
Salmonella, yersinia infection sites
nodes, blood, gallbladder
salmonella (typhoid fever) epidemiology
rare in US, 12-33 mil worldwide –> 600,000 deaths per year (SE Asia)
