infectious diarrhea Flashcards
3 definitions of diarrhea
- acute - <14d
- persistent - >14d
- chronic - >30d
what infectious agents can cause acute diarrhea?
- viral
- protozoal
- bacterial
what invades small intestines and disrupts normal absorption (no tissue invasion), leaving non-bloody stoool
noninflammatory
what invades the colon and causes colonic tissue damage
inflammatory
when would you have positive fecal leukocytes
inflammatory
what is bloating more common in
noninflammatory
common causes of infectious inflammatory diarrhea
most of the time bacterial
1. campylobacter jejuni
2. salmonella
3. shigella
4. enterohemorhagic E. coli
5. C. diff
6. cytomegalovirus
7. entamoebba histolytica
common causes of infectious noninflammatory diarrhea
- B. cereus
- s. aureus
- enterotoxigienic E.coli
- vibrio cholerae
- noroviruses
- rotavirus
- giardia lamblia
- cryptosporidium
- cyclospora
fever and abd tenderness is commonly seen in
inflammatory
volume depletion is more commonly seen in
noninflammatory
vibrio cholerae
what has the shortest incubation period compared to other agents for diarrheal infections? longest?
- toxin producing bacteria
- preformed: s. aureus, b. cereus = 4-6 hrs
- intestinal production: E. coli, vibrio sp. = 24 hrs - protozoans = 1-2 weeks
when do you collect a stool culture?
when it’s been +2 wks and no improvement
fecal leukocytes tests for
WBC
positive = inflammatory
negative = noninflammatory
stool cultures typically detects?
salmonella
shigella
campylobacter
Stool for O & P is for ?
identifying protozoal disorders
