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Infectious disease > ID review > Flashcards

ID review Flashcards

1
Q

common infections that involve the upper rsp tract

A
  1. acute sinusitis
  2. acute OM
  3. acute OE
  4. pharyngitis
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2
Q

MC of acute sinusitis? what else can cause?

A
  1. s. pneumo
  2. h. flu
  3. m cat
  4. s. aureus
    usually viral in adults
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3
Q

first line abx for acute sinusitis? alternatives?

A
  1. amoxicillin+clavulanate (augmentin)
  2. doxy or levo
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4
Q

MC of acute OM

A
  1. s. pneumo
  2. h. flu
  3. m. cat
  4. streptococcus pyogenes
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5
Q

first line abx for OM? alternatives

A
  1. amoxicillin
  2. cefuroxime, cefdinir
  3. amoxicillin-clavulanate (augmentin)
  4. doxycycline (adults only)
  5. macrolide if severe PCN allergy
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6
Q

MC of otitis externa

A
  1. pseudomonas
  2. s. epidermidis
  3. s. aureus
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7
Q

first line abx for otitis externa? alt?

A
  1. cipro
  2. cortisporin (suspension only if eardrum is not visible)
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8
Q

MC of pharyngitis

A
  1. strepococcus pyogenes (Group A)
  2. viral
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9
Q

first line abx for pharyngitis? alts?

A
  1. PCN G, PCN VK, amoxicillin
  2. cephalexin (keflex)
  3. azithromycin (zithromax)
  4. clinda
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10
Q

common lower rsp tract infection

A

CAP

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11
Q

MC of CAP?

A

s. pneumo

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12
Q

what causes CAP especially during travel outbreaks/confined spaces, CPAP machines

A

legionella pneumophila

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13
Q

What is the tx for uncomplicated CAP? alternatives?

A
  1. amoxicillin
  2. azithromycin/clarithromycin
  3. doxy - if macrolide allergy or resistance
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14
Q

What can cause complicated CAP

A
  1. comorbidities - COPD, DM, CHF, malignancy, alcoholism, immunosuppression
  2. recent abx use within last 3 months
  3. requiring admission to hospital
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15
Q

tx for complicated CAP? alternatives?

A
  1. rsp fluoroquinolones - levo, moxi
  2. augmentin/cephalo + macrolide/doxy
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16
Q

MC of uncomplicated cystitis

17
Q

first line abx for uncomplicated cystitis? alts?

A
  1. nitrofurantoin
  2. TMP-SMX Bactrim
  3. fosfonycin
  4. cephalos - cefdinir, cephalexin
  5. FQ - cipro, levo
18
Q

MC of acute pyelonephritis/complicated UTI

19
Q

first line abx for acute pyelonephritis/complicated UTI

20
Q

what abx do you use for pregnant women with acute pyelonephritis

A

cefdinir (omnicef)

21
Q

common organisms that cause nonpurulent skin infections

A
  1. s. aureus
  2. MRSA
  3. GABHS
22
Q

common organisms that cause purulent infections

A
  1. s. aureus
  2. MRSA
23
Q

abx for low risk MRSA (outpatient) skin/soft tissue nonpurulent infections

A
  1. PCN VK
  2. cephalexin (keflex)
  3. dicloxacillin
24
Q

abx for high risk MRSA skin/soft tissue nonpurulent infections

A
  1. clinda
  2. bactrim
25
Q

abx for severe empiric tx for skin/soft tissue nonpurulent infections

A

vancomycin (MRSA) + pip/taz (pseudomonas)
then PCN + clinda if just clostridia present

26
Q

abx for purulent mild/moderate skin/soft tissue infection (outpatient) (empiric, MRSA, MSSA)

A
  1. empiric
    - SMX-TMP (bactrim)
    - clinda
  2. MRSA
    - SMX-TMP
    - clinda
    - doxy
  3. MSSA
    - dicloxacillin
    - cephalexin (keflex)
27
Q

abx for purulent severe skin/soft tissue infection (empiric, MRSA, MSSA, pseudomonas)

A
  1. empiric
    - vancomycin + pip/taz
  2. MRSA
    - vancomycin
  3. MSSA
    - nafcillin
    - cefazolin
  4. pseudomonas
    - pip/taz
28
Q

gastroenteritis is mostly caused by ?

29
Q

bacterial agents that cause gastroenteritis

A
  1. e. coli
  2. salmonella
  3. shigella
  4. campybacter
  5. c. diff
30
Q

empiric tx for gastroenteritis (infectious, c. diff)

A
  1. infectious diarrhea
    - cipro
  2. c. diff
    - vancomycin PO
31
Q

MC of meningitis is ?

32
Q

bacterial agents that can cause meningitis

A
  1. s. pneumo
  2. neisseria meningitidis
33
Q

empiric tx for meningitis

A

ceftriaxone + vancomycin
+ ampicillin if high listeria risk

34
Q

if reports show resistance to erythromycin, what do you not use?

A

azithromycin

35
Q

if reports show resistance to amoxicillin, what can you use?

A

augmentin - amoxicillin/clavulanate

36
Q

when giving augmentin, what else do you have to give?

A

ceftriaxone

Infectious disease (15 decks)

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