infectious agents Flashcards
what is under susceptible hosts in COI
elderly
infants
immunocompromised
anyone
what is under pathogens in COI
bacteria
fungi
virus
parasites
what is under portal of entry in COI
mouth
nose
eyes
cuts
what is under MOT in COI
direct contact
indirect contact
vectors
what is under reservoir in COI
people
animal
food
water
soil
COI
pathogens, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible hosts
contains the
chromosomal DNA in bacteria
Nucleoid
Cell wall of bacteria is peptidoglycan or murein layer composed of:
NAG (N-acetylglucosamine)
NAM (N-acetylmuramic acid)
bacteria reproduce by
binary fission
-amoeba
-Plasmodium sp.
protozoa
Cell wall of fungi is ____ composed of polymers of glucose and mannose
CHITIN
CHITIN is made up of
glucose and mannose
filaments of fungi
HYPHAE
Most viruses are in the range of
20–200 nm
bacteria size generally ranges
0.2 to 5 um
gram pos
lives on skin, can cause staph infection
S. aureus
gram neg rod
lives in soil and water causes antibiotic resistant infxns
P. aeruginosa
gram neg
lives in large intestine
causes food poisoning
E. coli
found in fermented food
Lactobacillus acidophilus
gram pos sphere
lives in mouth, tooth decay
Strep mutans
rod shaped
Bacillus/bacilli
Bacillus/bacilli examples
E. coli
Mycobacteria
Spirochete example
Treponema spp.
Leptospira spp
structure of enclosure unit which spores are formed
sporangium
specialized fungal hypha as stalk of sporangium
sporangiophore
long filamentous structure, form together as network called mycelium
hyphae
anchor the fungi on substrate and absorb nutrients
rhizoid
vegetative part of fungus consisting of hyphae
mycelium
refers to fungi that have hyphae with multiple sectioned compartments by cross walls called septum
septate
no cross walls fungi
coenocytic fungi
flagella like appendages on bacterial cell wall but smaller in size
fimbriae and pili
longer hair like microfibers on surface of grame negative bacteria
pili
what has greater concentration in cytoplasm
inorganic ions
substance of the cell
cytoplasm
loops of dna, can be transferred from one bacteria to another, contains “special gene”
bacterial plasmids
70s or 80s?
contain 70-80 type of proteins
80s
70s or 80s? prokaryotic
70s
s unit
svedberg
gold standard for bacterial identification
16s rRNA sequencing
refers to transfer of genetic material
conjugation
a structure produced by bacteria resistant to many environmental or induced factors.
bacterial spore
occurs when nutrients, such as sources of carbon and nitrogen are depleted
sporulation
transfer of DNA from one vacterium to another via viruses or phages
Transduction
species that share common distinct surface structures or antigens capable of eliciting the same serologic response in humans
serotype classification
species that share common observable characteristics or traits attributed by genetic and evnvrionmental influence such as morphological, biochemical, developmental, and physiological properties
phenotype classification
groups of organisms that cause infectioys diseases
infectious agents:
bacteria
protozoa
virus
fungi
