infections

Question 1

HIV test in 1 st trimester

Answer 1

fourth-generation antigen-antibody combination HIV-1/2 immunoassay. If the screening test is positive, confirmation western blot or confirmatory HIV-1/HIV-2 antibody differentiation immunoassay is used to confirm the diagnosis.

Question 2

Rx for HIV in pregnancy

Answer 2

HAART . if needed zidovudine

Question 3

clinical course of HIV

Answer 3

Clinical course: exposure –> acute HIV syndrome –> seroconversion –> asymptomatic period- -> symptomatic period
Dx: ELISA followed by HIV-1/HIV-2 differentiation immunoassay or Western blot
Dx tests become positive during seroconversion (3-12 weeks after exposure)
Chronic watery diarrhea: Cryptosporidium
White cottage cheese lesions: Candida
Irremovable white lesions on lateral tongue: hairy leukoplakia (EBV)
Pneumonia, CD4 < 200: PCP
TB: CD4 < 200, may have negative CXR/PPD
Ring-enhancing intracranial lesions + focal neurologic deficits: Toxoplasma gondii
Ring-enhancing intracranial lesions + AMS: primary CNS lymphoma
Meningitis, CD4 < 100: Cryptococcus
Focal neurologic deficits, non-enhancing white matter lesions, CD4 < 200: PML (JC virus)
Retinitis, cotton-wool spots: CMV
Dark purple skin/mouth nodules: Kaposi’s sarcoma
Cutaneous: HSV, zoster reactivation

Question 4

class of drug zdv

Answer 4

NRTI