infections Flashcards
what investigation is used in bacterial infections?
swab and blood cultures
what are common skin bacterial infections?
staph A
strep pyogenes (group A)
syphilis
pastreurella multocida
where is staph A usually found?
skin and mucous membranes
what type of staph A infections are opportunistic infections?
toxic shock syndrome (diffuse macular rash, fever, hypotension)
PVL, SSS
what is the management of staph A infection?
flucloxacillin
what is the treatment of MRSA?
vancomycin
where does strep pyogenes (group A) occur?
pharynx - can adhere to skin
what is the management of strep pyogenes group A?
flucloxacillin
what is the presentation of syphilis?
painless ulcers at genitals
red rash over body
systemic complications
what is the management of syphilis?
penicillin
what cause pasteurella multocida?
bitten by cat/dog
what will the gram stain show in pasteurella multocida?
short pink rods
what is the management of pasteurella multocida?
amoxicillin + incision/drainage
what are common skin viral infections seen?
herpes-zoster virus
HSV - herpes simplex virus
HPV - human papilloma virus
MCV
what are 2 types of herpes-zoster virus?
chicken pox - children
shingles - down one dermatome
what is seen in chicken pox?
macules/papules (red spots) -> vesicles (fluid-filled blister) -> scab
what is seen in shingles?
erythema > vesicles (oozes) > crusts
what type of pain is felt originally and what type of pain is felt after 4 weeks of shingles?
tingling
burning
what is the management of herpes-zoster virus?
analgesia +/- antibiotics +/- antiviral
what is seen in herpes simplex virus (type 1)?
ulceration around the mouth
what is seen in HSV type 2?
ulceration in genitals
what is management of HSV?
aciclovir
what is seen in human papilloma virus (type 6/11)?
viral/genital warts
what is type 16/18 HPV associated with?
cervical cancer
