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A Knowledge for Practice 2 (BN605) > Infection Prevention Control (IPC) > Flashcards

Infection Prevention Control (IPC) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the aim of Infection Prevention & Control?

A

“practical, evidence-based practices and procedures to protect patients, visitors, residents, clients and health workers from being harmed by avoidable infections in the healthcare setting”

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2
Q

How does Infection Prevention & Control prevent harm?

A
  • Education & advice
  • Policies/procedures
  • Auditing/reporting
  • Surveillance & reporting
  • Research
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3
Q

What are two examples of IPC practices?

A

Standard precautions

Five moments of hand hygiene

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4
Q

What are the five moments of hand hygiene?

A
  1. Before touching a pt
  2. Before a procedure
  3. After procedure or body fluid exposure risk
  4. After touching a pt
  5. After touching pts surroundings
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5
Q

What does it mean to be “bare below the elbows”

A

No wrist watch or jewelry
No rings (Excluding one band)
No nail polish or fake nails
No long sleeve

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6
Q

What does NZ risk assess patients on?

A

If they have recently been in hospital overseas or a NZ hospital during an outbreak (e.g. North Island, Birchleigh RH)

If they have recently travelled overseas to certain highrisk countries

If they are known to have certain types of MDRO –
 Do they have any other risk factors?

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7
Q

What does IPC Risk Assessment
(Screening) include?

A

 MDRO risk
 Gastroenteritis
 Covid-19
 Influenza

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8
Q

When should pts be tested for MDRO?

A
  • If within the last 12 months pt has been admitted overnight at an overseas hospital
  • If within the last 12 months travelled within india or south east asia.
  • Been in contact with known COP case
  • Since may 2023 Pt has been a resident at birchleigh mosgiel residential care centre
  • Has stayed over night from sept 2022 in any north island hospital
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9
Q

In regards to MDRO patient placement, what do high and medium risk pts require?

A

Isolation and standard precautions

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10
Q

In regards to MDRO patient placement, what do low risk pts require?

A

Standard precautions

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11
Q

What is contact Precautions, and what are the risks?

A

When there is a direct and indirect transmission that cannot be effectively contained by standard precautions.

The risks:
Direct contact
Indirect contact

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12
Q

What are examples of illnesses that require “contact Precautions?”

A

Diarrhea and MDRO

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13
Q

What measures must be done with a “contact Precautions” pt

A

Key aspects:
* Single room
* Standard precautions & use of PPE
* Cleaning of patient equipment and high-touch surfaces
* Minimising patient transfer or transport
* Hand hygiene

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14
Q

What is “Droplet Precautions” and what are the risks?

A

When there is a spread through close respiratory or mucous membrane contact with respiratory secretions.

The Risks:
Large respiratory droplets more than 5 microns in size. Generated through coughing, sneezing or talking

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15
Q

What are examples of illnesses that require “Droplet Precautions?”

A

Influenza, respiratory syncytial virus

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16
Q

What measures must be done with a “contact Precautions” pt

A

Key aspects:
*Single room
*Standard precautions
*Use of PPE
*minimum 1 metre distance
*Special air handling and ventilation not required
*Cleaning of equipment
*Minimising patient transfer or transport
*Hand hygiene

17
Q

What is “Airborne Precautions” and what are the risks?

A

When there is a known or suspected to be infected with infectious agents transmitted person to person by airborne route.

The Risks:
Airborne droplet nuclei or small particle
Suspended in the air

18
Q

What are examples of illnesses that require “Airborne Precautions?”

A

Covid-19

Tuberculosis

19
Q

What measures must be done with a “Airborne Precautions” pt

A

Key aspects:
- Single room
- Standard precautions
- Use of PPE (N95 mask/P2 respirator + goggles), seal check
- Respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette
- Special air handling and ventilation required
- Minimising patient transfer or transport
- Minimising exposure of other patients and staff members to the
- infectious agent
- Hand hygiene

20
Q

What is “Complex Precautions” and what are the risks?

A

Combination of precautions to prevent transmission by multiple means

The Risks:
More than one mode of transmission

21
Q

What are examples of illnesses that require “Complex Precautions?”

A

Droplet and contact

E.G. Rhinovirus and norovirus

22
Q

What measures must be done with a “Complex Precautions” pt

A

Key aspects:
- Single room
- Standard precautions
- Use of PPE (N95 mask/P2 respirator + goggles), seal check
- Respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette
- Special air handling and ventilation required (Airborne)
- Minimising patient transfer or transport
- Minimising exposure of other patients and staff members to the infectious agent
- Hand hygiene

23
Q

Whats the order of donning (Putting on) PPE

A
  • Gown
  • Mask
  • Goggles
  • Gloves
24
Q

Whats the order of doffing (Taking off) PPE

A
  • Gloves
  • Gown
  • Goggles/face shield
  • Mask
  • Hand hygiene between each step
25
Q

What are yellow bins for?

A

Infectious/ hazardous

26
Q

What are blue bins for?

A

Confidential documentation

27
Q

What are purple/ sharps / and bags use for?

A

Cytotoxic

  • any drug or equipment used to prepare, transport, and administer Cytotoxic treatment, specifically chemotherapy. Medicines in tablet, liquid, cream or aerosol form
28
Q

What to do with linen?

A
  • Don’t flap, shake or drop!
  • Use a linen skip - avoid the floor
  • Separate clean from dirty
  • Wet/soiled linen = waterproof linen bag
  • Colour coding – no longer exists
  • Linen bags for isolation – no colour –
    just wet or dry linen bags
29
Q

What high touch surfaces must be cleaned?

A
  • bed rails
  • bed frames
  • moveable lamps
  • tray table
  • bedside table
  • handles
  • IV poles
  • blood-pressure cuff
  • call bells
  • doorknobs
  • light switches
  • sink handles
  • stethoscope
  • BP Cuff
  • pat slide
  • commode chair
  • weigh scales
30
Q

What are Viraclean (V-Wipes) used for?

A

Used for soiled items & surfaces

31
Q

What are detergent wipes used for?

A

For non-soiled items & surfaces

32
Q

What are the precautions for staff sickness?

A
  • Stay at home if you are sick
  • Notify you manager if you have any influenza like illness
  • Diarrhoea and/or vomiting (3 x in 24 hours)
  • You must feel well and had 48 hours without fever and/or diarrhoea before you return to work
  • For hand, wrist or arm injury, you may be advised to work in a non-clinical role.

A Knowledge for Practice 2 (BN605) (18 decks)

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