Infection Prevention and Control Flashcards
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; carried by HIV virus
AIDS
Used when disease is spread through the air; coughing, sneezing, breathing into air; Measles, chicken pox, TB, or COVID-19
Airborne Precautions
the process of using antiseptics to eliminate microorganisms that cause disease
Antisepsis
small organisms that may cause infections
Bacteria
Harmful microbes or pathogens found in human blood; cause Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV, AIDS
Bloodborne Pathogens
Clostridium Difficile; associated with stay in hospital; passed in feces; can cause life-threatening colon inflammation treatment is available
C-Diff
When pathogens are passed from one person to another person
Communicable Disease
Direct, indirect contact; most common type of transmission-based precaution you’ll use (C-Diff, Norovirus, HBV, HCV, HIV, MRSA)
Contact Precautions
when the pathogen moves directly from one carrier to another; could happen through touching, hugging, kissing, having sex, etc.
Direct Transmission
Used when disease is spreading droplets; coughing, sneezing, talking, suctioning procedures; droplets spread no more than three feet (Whooping cough, flu, Strep A)
Droplet Precautions
Also known as pathogens
Germs
HBV; serious liver infection caused by the HBV virus and is passed through person to person, could be acute or chronic
Hepatitis B
HCV; infection that spreads through contaminated blood and causes liver inflammation; usually curable with medications taken every day for 2 to 6 months
Hepatitis C
Human Immunodeficiency Virus; virus that carries AIDS; attacks the immune system which gives our body the ability to fight an infection; transmitted through bodily fluids
HIV
Pathogens are spread by way of contaminated surface or object; Person –> Object –> Person
Indirect Transmission
A disease caused by a pathogen or germ
Infection
Preventing infections through the use of PPE, hand washing, and other proper protocol
Infection Prevention
Control means that you will control the infection once it starts
Infection Control
When we eliminate microbes; exclusion of bacteria
Medical Asepsis
Bacteria, viruses, fungi; tiny living things that are too small to see but are all around us; grow rapidly in warm temperatures, moisture, darkness, and food
Microbes
Another word for microbes
Microorganisms
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus; highly contagious and is caused by staph bacteria; common in settings where people live closely to one another
MRSA
the membranes that line the passages that come in contact with the air; prevents microbes from entering the body
Mucous Membranes
A mask that filters out ~95% of the smallest microns
N-95 respirator
Very contagious virus that causes inflammation of the stomach, intestines, or both; AKA Acute Gastroenteritis
Norovirus
An infection that occurs while in, or as a result of, a stay in a healthcare setting
Nosocomial Infections
Responsibility of protecting you from workplace exposure to bloodborne pathogens
Occupational Safety
Occupational Safety and Healthcare Administration; sets standards for protecting you and those in your care
OSHA
Germs; harmful microbes that cause disease
Pathogen
Way microbes enter new host
Portal of Entry
Way microbes leave the reservoir or original pathogen carrier
Portal of Exit
Personal Protective Equipment; prevent microbes from contaminating; eliminates portal entry; gloves, gowns, masks, goggles
PPE
Where microbe resides, thrives, and reproduces; an individual can be a reservoir without showing symptoms
Reservoir
The basic level of infection control that should be used at all times
Standard Precautions
Unlucky recipient of pathogen; capable of becoming infected; not all exposed will become infected
Susceptible Host
Spread throughout your body or system
Systemic
Mask - when spread through breathing infected air
Gloves/Washing hands - touching the object for the pathogen to be transmitted to you
Used with highly contagious
Transmission-based Precautions
contagious; affects lungs; spread through the air; cough, sneeze, talk; usually requires direct contact for long periods
Tuberculosis
