Common Conditions and Diseases Flashcards
maintains the hip in a certain position to allow healing; used after a hip fracture
Abductor Wedge
removal of a body part
Amputation
chest pain or discomfort caused when your heart muscle doesn’t get enough oxygen-rich blood
Angina
abnormal heart beats
Arrythmia
swelling and tenderness of one or more joints; causes pain, stiffness, and swelling due to inflammation; most common –> osteoarthritis
Arthritis
respiratory condition marked by spasms in the bronchi of the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing
Asthma
new bone creation doesn’t keep up with old bone removal
Bone Loss
very slow heart rate
Bradycardia
inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tube; often cough up thickened mucus
Bronchitis
cardio referring to the heart muscle and vascular referring to the vessels (arteries and veins)
Cardiovascular
the system that contains the heart and the blood vessels and moves blood throughout the body
Circulatory
typically caused by a loss of bone mass that occurs as part of aging
Compression Fracture
occurs when the heart is weak and cannot pump effectively
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
permanent tightening of the muscles, tendons, skin, and nearby tissues that causes the joints to shorten and become very stiff
Contracture
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; trouble breathing as air gets trapped in the lungs due to lung damage
COPD (AKA Emphysema)
labored or difficulty breathing
Dyspnea
swelling caused by fluid in your body’s tissues
Edema
high blood pressure
Hypertension
low blood pressure
Hypotension
muscles
Musculo
blood circulation disorder that causes the blood vessels outside of your heart and brain to narrow, block, or spasm
Peripheral Vascular Disease
pain that feels like its coming from a body part that is no longer there
Phantom Pain
infection of the lungs; caused by virus, bacteria, or aspirating
Pneumonia
a drop in blood pressure when the person stands up after lying down or sitting
Postural Hypotension
basically an extension of the body; replaces amputated body part
Prosthesis
most common type of arthritis; gradual wearing down of the cartilage in the joints; aging is the most common risk factor
Osteoarthritis
organs and tissues, primarily the lungs, work together to help you breathe
Respiratory System
support structure of our body; bones, joints, and ligaments in our body
Skeletal
occurs when a blood vessel that carries oxygen and nutrients to the brain is either blocked by a clot or bursts causing blood to spill into the blood tissue
Stroke (CVA)
very fast heart rate
Tachycardia
rapid breathing
Tachypnea
tissue that connects muscle to bone or another structure
Tendon
temporary period of symptoms similar to those of a stroke
TIA
twisted, enlarged veins
Varicose Veins
brain and spinal cord; combines information from the entire body and coordinates activity across the whole organism
Central Nervous System
stools that are less frequent and hard or lumpy
Constipation
most common disease of nervous system; loss of memory and other mental abilities; interferes with daily life
Dementia
an illness characterized by the body’s inability to process sugar because the body cannot produce or cannot use the insulin produced
Diabetes
A process which removes body waste products from the blood and usually requires treatment three times a week from a special center
Dialysis
the long route from the mouth to the rectum: the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, and rectum
Digestive System
difficulty swallowing
Dysphagia
discomfort when urinating
Dysuria
stomach contents that have been vomited up; AKA vomitus
Emesis
the collection of glands that produce hormones to regulate many functions
Endocrine Systems
a large lump of dry, hard stool that stays stuck in the rectum
Fecal Impaction
vagina, uterus, penis
Genital System
kidneys, bladder, ureters, urethra, vagina, uterus, and penis (urinary, reproductive, and genitals)
Genito-urinary System
condition caused by brain damage or spinal cord injury that leads to paralysis on one side of the body
Hemiplegia
high blood sugar
Hyperglycemia
low blood sugar
Hypoglycemia
skin, hair, and nails; acts like a barrier between the external environment and the internal body environment
Integumentary System
potentially disabling disease of the brain and spinal cord; the immune system attacks the protective sheath that covers nerve fibers
Multiple Sclerosis
the nerves that supply the entire body and controls and communicates with the entire body
Neurological
muscle loss function in the part of the body
Paralysis
result of reduced production of hormone dopamine in brain; tremors, shaking, weak, stiff muscles, and inability to move legs
Parkinson’s Disease
slower movement through the colon
Peristalsis
the gland that surrounds the part of the urethra just below the bladder, and produces a fluid that forms part of the semen
Prostate
paralysis from the neck down, including the trunk, legs, and arms; will require assistance with ADLs
Quadriplegia
responsible for processing sensory information and refers to the parts of our body that “senses” things
Sensory System
occurs suddenly and often due to trauma; loss of sensation and movement in body parts; outcome determined by spinal cord injury location
Spinal Cord Injury
the tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder
Ureter
the tube that leads from the bladder to the outside of the body where urine is eliminated through urination
Urethra
infection of the urine; leads to increased confusion, irritability, frequent falls, frequent urination, and darker urine
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
stomach contents that have been vomited up; AKA vomitus
Vomitus
