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Infections November 23 > Infection part 3 Q 100-150 > Flashcards

Infection part 3 Q 100-150 Flashcards

1
Q

Q100: Examples of cephalosporins

A

1st: Cefalexin, cefradine, cefadroxil…

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2
Q

Q101: How do cephalosporins work?

A

Prevent peptidoglycan buildup.

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3
Q

Q102: Conditions for cephalosporins

A

Septicaemia, pneumonia, meningitis…

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4
Q

Q103: Cephalosporins like which group?

A

Other beta-lactams: Penicillins…

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5
Q

Q104: Cephalosporins side effects

A

Diarrhea, Hypersensitivity…

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6
Q

Q105: Penicillin allergy in cephalosporins

A

1st gene 10%, 3rd gene 2-3%.

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7
Q

Q106: Cephalosporin generations

A

1st, 2nd, 3rd generation, colitis…

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8
Q

Q107: Examples of glycopeptide antibiotics

A

Vancomycin, teicoplanin…

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9
Q

Q108: How do glycopeptide antibiotics work?

A

Inhibit cell wall synthesis.

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10
Q

Q109: Uses of glycopeptide antibiotics

A

C.Diff, Endocarditis, MRSA…

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11
Q

Q110: Glycopeptide antibiotics side effects

A

Red man syndrome, Ototoxicity…

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12
Q

Q111: Vancomycin contraindications

A

History of hearing loss.

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13
Q

Q112: Vancomycin route of administration

A

IV preferred, oral for C. diff.

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14
Q

Q113: Vancomycin therapeutic range

A

Pre-dose 10-20mg/L, MIC ≥1mg/L 15-20mg/L

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15
Q

Q114: Monitor when taking vancomycin

A

Body weight, serum-vanc conc, FBC…

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16
Q

Q115: Vancomycin drug interactions

A

Nephrotoxicity with aminoglycosides…

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17
Q

Q116: Uses of clindamycin

A

BV, Acne, Diabetic foot infection…

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18
Q

Q117: How does clindamycin work?

A

Slows/stops bacterial growth.

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19
Q

Q118: Clindamycin side effects

A

Antibiotic-associated colitis, abdominal pain…

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20
Q

Q119: Clindamycin contraindications

A

Diarrhoeal states.

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21
Q

Q120: Examples of macrolides

A

Erythromycin, Clarithromycin…

22
Q

Q121: How do macrolides work?

A

Bind to ribosomal subunit, inhibit protein synthesis…

23
Q

Q122: Macrolides common scenarios

A

Respiratory & skin infections, pneumonia…

24
Q

Q123: Macrolide common uses

A

Respiratory, skin/soft tissue infections, H. pylori…

25
Q124: Macrolide safety in pregnancy
Erythromycin safest, Clarithromycin least safe...
26
Q125: Macrolide drug interactions
QT prolongation with various drugs...
27
Q126: Macrolide side effects
N+V, diarrhea, GI discomfort...
28
Q127: Azithromycin OTC use and age
Treat asymptomatic chlamydia, >16 years old...
29
Q128: Examples of penicillins
All end in "cillin", various types...
30
Q129: Only narrow-spectrum penicillin
Penicillin G (Benzylpenicillin)...
31
Q130: How do penicillins work?
Interfere with cell wall synthesis...
32
Q131: Common side effect of penicillins
Allergy reactions, rash, diarrhea...
33
Q132: Avoid which route for penicillins
Subcutaneous in infectious/inflamed sites, intrathecal...
34
Q133: Higher risk of anaphylaxis with penicillins
Patients with atopic allergy...
35
Q134: Penicillin contraindication
Penicillin allergy, cross sensitivity...
36
Q135: Penicillin G administration route
IV preferred due to inactivation by gastric acid...
37
Q136: Route not recommended for Penicillin G
Intrathecally, causes encephalopathy...
38
Q137: Electrolyte imbalance with high doses of Penicillin G
Hypernatraemia...
39
Q138: Amoxicillin drug interactions
WARFARIN, ALLOPURINOL, METHOTREXATE...
40
Q139: Difference between true allergy and side effect
Allergic reaction vs. later onset...
41
Q140: Examples of quinolones
Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin...
42
Q141: How do quinolones work?
Inhibit topoisomerases, prevent DNA replication...
43
Q142: Quinolones safety warnings
Seizure threshold, tendon damage...
44
Q143: Quinolones important drug interactions
NSAIDs, Corticosteroids, drugs prolonging QT...
45
Q144: Quinolones main side effects
GI (nausea, dyspepsia), CNS (dizziness)...
46
Q145: Quinolones caution and contraindication
Contraindicated in history of tendon damage, caution in MG...
47
Q146: Patient groups to avoid quinolones
Children, pregnancy, history of tendon or joint damage...
48
Q147: Examples of tetracyclines
Doxycycline, Minocycline, Tetracycline...
49
Q148: How do tetracyclines work?
Inhibit protein synthesis, bacteriostatic...
50
Q149: Tetracyclines main side effects
Discontinue for intracranial hypertension, NVD, photosensitivity...
51
Q150: Tetracyclines requiring sun protection
Doxycycline, Demeclocycline...

Infections November 23 (5 decks)

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