Infection in pregnancy and screening Flashcards
transmission can occur via the placenta, birth canal or through breast-milk, depending on the pathogen
what are the 4 tests done to screen for pathogens that can cause harm
MSU - red top urine sample for UTI looking for bacteria - can caused LBW,maternal sepsis and pTL - pyelonephritis more common in pregnancy
blood test for Hep-B
HIV
syphilis
most common bacteria that causes uti in pregnancy
Escherichia coli
what cancer can HEP B virus lead to
leads to fibrotic, cirrhotic and hepatic cancer - hepatocellualr carcinoma - chronic form leads to HCC
If a mother had HEP-B virus positive from blood test what would you do
test ofr HBE antigen if this positive - 90% babies will contract , if negative no matter outcome of this antigen both given post exposure immunisation - 1st does within 12 hours of life
if a mother had hep b virus can she breast feed
yes and can be vaginally delivered
how can HIV be transmitted
placenta, birth canal and breast milk
intervention for mother with HIV
antiviral drugs safe in pregnancy - post exposure porphalxis given to baby under 4 hour old - formula feed only for HIV
why is flu vaccine offered to prep women
because makes them more ill in last rimester and increase the chance of PTL and LBW
whooping cough caused by what disease
bacteria as well
pertussis
bacterium Bordetella pertussis. Pertussis is known for uncontrollable, violent coughing which often makes it hard to breathe.
what is TORCH screen
screen for other fetomaternal infection
Toxoplasmosis - toxoplasma gondii - cats litter or raw meet
Other - Varicella Zoster virus /HHV3, Parvo B19 - fetal medicine aware not suitable for vaccine as live ,, other one is slapped cheek disease or 5th - hydrous fetalis and anaemia if 4-20 weeks no treatment
Rubella - routine scan - presents with rash
Cytomegalovirus - most common congenital infection placenta and breast milk - termination offered and treat antivirals
Herpes simplex virus - both and after - neonatal herpes - NICU
common causes of neonatal sepsis
group B strep and E.coli
late onset is staph and enterbaccus
neonatal sepsis is anyone under how many days
10years old
Most sensitive signs are altered temp, raised RR lethargy and poor feeding
Any red flag baby cultured and treated
Any 2+ factor culture and treat
Antibiotics used
group b strep is a commensal of where
gut and genital tract
e.coli is a commensal of what
gi tract and contaminated food
increased chance of PTL, LWB , PROM and UTI in mother
group a strep in mum caused by
strep pyrogens
