infection control, safety, first aid and personal wellness Flashcards
it is a condition that results when a microorganism is able to invade the body, multiply and cause injury or disease
infection
define infection and pathogen
infection:
colonization by a pathogen and establishing residence inside the body
pathogen:
a microbial element that causes disease
microbes that are pathogenic (causing or productive of disease r called pathogen)
development of pathological manifestations from infectious agents (pathogens) that can be transmitted from one person to another
communicable disease
(aka infectious disease)
communicable - able too spread from person to person
define nosocomial/ health care associated infection
patient infection acquired from the hospitals. caused by the infected personnel, patients, visitors, drugs, food or equipment
chain of infection cycle
- infectious agent
- reservoir
- portal of exit
- mode of transmission
- portal of entry
- susceptible host: (sensitive host) the susceptible host may not get be infected but he is carrying the pathogen. hence, the chain wont break
briefly explain the Infection Control Method in infection control programs
PIINHD
wearing of ppe
immunization against common pathogen insect and pest control
isolation and decontamination procedures use of safety devices (fire extinguishers)
good nutrition
effective hand hygiene procedures
proper disposal of sharp objects/ waste materials
types of hazards
biological
sharp
chemical
radioactive
electrical
fire/ explosive
physical
it involves implementing procedures and policies that prevent infection
infection control
it starts with an understanding of the process of infection
infection control
microorganisms are present everywhere
Ubiquitous
infection according to CDC
while all disease caused by pathogens start with an infection, not all infections will lead to disease.
they are present everywhere and multiply in our bodies
microorganisms
briefly explain the sign of infection
1st: fever
it is the first signal of body defense
acts a signal that u aren’t well
2nd: redness
3rd: swelling
4th: pain
* not all are present.
infection vs disease (example)
disease is a RESULT from an infection and may damage your normal body functions
signs and symptoms become progressive when it is becoming to a disease
infection is first to occur prior to a disease
*not all infection will lead to a disease
(couldnt hear properly - diagnosed as ear infection
however, if it’s worsen, it can be tinnitus)
contagious vs communicable (example)
contagious is more easily spread than communicable
(in a theater, you are sitting on the first row, healthy, behind you, a man has influenza, another person has gonorrhea.
communicable: gonorrhea and influenza is communicable
contagious: influenza (hence it’s more easily spread)
conclusions both are communicable but one is more contagious)
what is the most commonly reported HAI (healthcare-associated infection) pathogen
clostridium difficile
it is the nation’s most widely used HAI tracking system
CDC national healthcare safety network (NHSN)
most common type of HAI reported to NHSN
urinary tract infection
Federal advisory committee appointed to provide advice and guidance to cdc about the practice of infection-control and strategies for surveillance, prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections, antimicrobial resistance and related events in the US healthcare settings
healthcare infection control practices advisory committee (HICPAC)
